The truthful and upright characters of the ministers of Dasharatha are portrayed, who make the rulership meaningful with their virtuous, skilful and efficient administration. Along with the political ministers, the religious ministry is also portrayed.
तस्यअमात्या गुणैरासन्निक्ष्वकोस्तु महात्मनः |
मन्त्रिज्ञाश्चोङ्गितज्ञाश्च नित्यं प्रियहिते रताः || १-७-१
1. mahaaatmanaH tasya ikShwaakoH tu = for great soul, to him, one born in Ikshwaku-s, [Dasharatha]; guNaiH = those with epitomised attribute; mantraj~naaH cha = tactful, also; iN^gitaj~naaH cha = adroit ones, also; nityam priyahite rataaH = always, in welfare alone, obliged to; amaatyaa = ministers; aasan = are there.
The misters for the great soul from Ikshvaku kings of Emperor Dasharatha, are epitomised ones of their tactfulness, adroitness and are always obliged to undertake welfare activities of their king and the kingdom. [1-7-1]
अष्टौ बभूवुवींरस्य तस्यामात्या यशस्विनः |
शुयश्चनुरक्ताश्च च राजकृत्येषु नित्यशः || १-७-२
2. viirasya = of the valiant one; yashasvinaH = glorious king; tasya = his; shuchayaH = clean at heart; nityashaH = all time; raajakR^ityeSu = in king' s works; anuraktaaH cha = involved in, also; amaatyaaH = ministers; aSTau babhuuvuH = eight, are there.
Eight ministers are there for that valiant and glorious King Dasharatha, who are clean at heart and are involved in the works of the king and kingdom at all time. [1-7-2]
धृष्टिर्जयन्तो विजयः सुराष्ट्रो राष्ट्रवर्धनः |
अकोपो धर्मपालश्च सुमन्त्रश्चाष्टुमोऽभवत् || १-७-३
3. dhR^iSTiH = Dhristi; jayantaH = Jayantha; vijayaH = Vijaya; suraaSTraH = Suraashtra; raaSTravardhanaH = Raashtravardhana; akopaH = Akopa; dharmapaalaH cha = Dharmapaala, also; SumantraH = Sumantra; aSTamaH = eighth; abhavat = will be.
Dhristi, Jayantha, Vijaya, Suraashtra, Raashtravardhana, Akopa, Dharmapaala, are seven, and Sumantra is the eighth one. [1-7-3]
ऋत्विजौ द्वावभिमतौ तस्यास्तामृषिसत्तमौ |
वशिष्ठो वामदेवश्च मन्त्रिणश्च तथाऽपरे || १-७-४
4. tasya = to him, Dasharatha; vashiSTaH = Vashishta; vaamadevaH cha = Vamadeva, also; dvau = two; R^iSisattamau = saints of eminence; abhimatau = acquiescent; R^itwijau = Vedic ritual-authorities; tathaa apare = like that, furthermore; mantriNaH cha = ministers, also [are there.]
Two venerable saints of eminence are religious ministers for they are authorities in Vedic rituals, namely Vashishta and Vamadeva, who are the acquiescent with religious matters, and apart from these two some more religious ministers are also there to King Dasharatha. [1-7-4]
सुयज्ञोऽप्यथ जाबालिः काशप्योऽप्यथ गैतमः |
मार्कण्डेयस्तु दीर्घायुस्तथा कात्यायनो द्विजः || १-७-५
एतैर्ब्रह्मर्षिभिर्नित्यमृत्विजस्तस्य पौर्वकाः |
5, 6a. suyaj~naH api = Suyajna, also; atha jaabaaliH = then, Jaabaali; kaashaypaH api = Kashyapa, also; atha gautamaH = then, Gautama; maarkaNDeyaH tu = Maarkandeya, also; diirghaayuH tathaa = Deerghaayu, like that; kaatyaayanaH = Kaatyayana; dvijaH = Brahman; etaiH = along with them; brahmarSibhiH = Brahma-sages; nityam = always; R^itvijaH = ritual scholars; tasya paurvakaaH = his ancestral pundits.
Suyajna, Jabaali, Kaashyapa, Gautama, Maarkandeya, Deerghaayu, and then Kaatyayana are the scholarly Brahmans acting as religious ministers, and along with them there are also Brahma-sages who are always the ancestral ritual scholars for Dasharatha's family. [1-7-5, 6a]
विद्याविनीता ह्रीमन्तः कुशला नियतेन्द्रियाः || १-७-६
श्रीमन्तश्च महात्मानः शास्त्रज्ञा दृढविक्रमाः |
कीर्तिमन्तः प्रणिहिता यथावचनकारिणः || १-७-७
तेजः क्षमायशः प्राप्ताः स्मितपूर्वअभिभाषिणः |
6b, 8a vidyaaviniitaa = well-versed in scriptures; hriimantaH = shun bad deeds; kushalaaH = skilful; niyatendriyaH = with regulated senses; sriimantaH cha = affluent ones; mahaatmaanaH = great souls; shastraj~naaH = knowers of sciences; dR^iDhavikramaH = firmly courageous; kiirtimantaH = distinguished ones; praNihitaaH = quiet souls; yathaavachanakaariNaH = true to their word; tejaH kSamaayashaH = they have magnificence, patience, fame; praaptaaH = valiant ones; smitapuurvaabhibhaaSiaNa = smile afore while they converse.
All the ministers are well versed in scriptures, they shun bad deeds, skilful ones in their duties with their senses regulated. Those great souls are affluent, knowers of all sciences, firmly courageous, and they are distinguished and quiet-souls, and those ministers are true to their word. They are magnificent, patient and famed ones and they smile afore they converse. [1-7-6b, 8a]
क्रोधात्कामार्थहेतोर्वा न ब्रूयुरनृतं वचः || १-७-८
तेषामविदितं किंचित्स्वेषु नास्ति परेषु वा |
कियमाणं कृतं वपि चारेणापि चिकीर्षितम् || १-७-९
8b, 9. krodhaatkaamaarthahetoH vaa = in anger, in greed, for monetary, reason of, either; anR^itam = untruthful; vachaH = words; na bruuyuH = never, they speak; teshaam = to them; aviditam = unknown; kimchat = a little; sveSu = in their own [country]; naasti = not there; pareSu vaa = in other [countries,] either; kriyamaaNam = that is happening; kR^ritam = already happened; vaa api = either, that too; chaareNa = through agents; chikiirSitam = that is going to be undertaken [by others, is not there.
They never speak untruthful words in anger or in greed or for monetary reasons either. There is nothing unknown to them, even a little, in their own country or in the others either, or about everything that is happening or has happened, or that is going to happen, for they know them through agents. [1-7-8b, 9]
कुशला व्य्वहारेषु सौहृदेषु परीक्षिताः |
प्रात्पकालं यथादण्डं धरयेयुः सुतेष्वपि || १-७-१०
10. vyavahaareSu = in administration; kushalaaH = efficient; sauhR^ideSu = in their friendships; pariikSitaaH = well examined [by the king]; suteSu api = to their sons, even; praaptakaalam yathaa = comes, according to time [if situation demands]; daNDam dhaarayeyuH = punishment, they impose.
They are efficient in administration and their friendships are well examined by the king, and those ministers impose punishment even on their own sons, if situation demands it. [1-7-10]
कोशसंग्रहणे युक्ता बलस्य च परिग्रहे |
अहितम् चअपि पुरुषम् न विहिंस्युरदूषकम् || १-७-११
11. koshasamgrahaNe yuktaa = treasury in collections, dutiful; balasya cha parigrahe = of armies, also, militarising; ahitam cha api puruSam = unfriendly, also, even, a person; aviduuSakam = not really blameworthy; na himsyuH = do not, torture.
In collections to their treasury and to militarise their armies they are dutiful, even an unfriendly person will not be tortured, if he were not really blameworthy. [1-7-11]
वीराश्च नियत्त्सहा राजाशास्त्रमौष्ठिताः |
शुचीनां रक्षितारश्च नितं विषयवासिनाम् || १-७-१२
12. viiraaH = valiant; niyatautsaaha = engineered enthusiasm; raajashaastram = political science; anuSTitaaH = administrators of; viSayavaasinaam = dwelling in kingdom, [subjects of kingdom.]; shuchiinaam = clean persons; nityam = at all times; rakshitaaraH = protectors.
They are valiant ones with engineered enthusiasm, administrators of political science, clean persons and protectors of subjects of their kingdom at all times. [1-7-12]
ब्रह्म क्षत्रमहिंसन्तस्ते कोशं समपूरयन् |
सुतीक्ष्णदण्डाः संप्रेक्ष्य पुरुषस्य बलाबलम् || १-७-१३
13. brahma kshatram = Brahmans, Kshatriya-s; te ahimsantaH = they, do not persecute; kosham samapuurayan = treasury, to fill up; puruSasya = person's; balaabalam = strength, weakness; samprekshya = after assessing; sutiikSNadanDaaH = high degree punishment givers.
They do not persecute Brahman-s and Kshatriya-s to fill-up the treasury, and high degree punishments will be given on assessing that person's, or the offender's strength and weakness. [1-7-13]
शुचीनामेकबुद्धीनां सर्वेषां सम्प्रजानताम् |
नासीत्पुरे वा राष्टे वा मृषावादी नरः क्वचित् || १-७-१४
14. shuchiinaam = decent ones; ekabuddhiinaam = one minded, [in league with]; sarveSaam = all of them; samprajaanataam = administering; kwachit = anywhere; pure vaa raaSTre vaa = in capital, or, in kingdom, either; mR^iSavaadii naraH = lies speaking, person [liar]; na aasiit = is not, there.
All of those ministers are clean administrators of kingdom, and are in league with each other, as such there is none anywhere, either in capital or in country, a liar. [1-7-14]
कश्चिन्न दुष्टस्त्रासीत्परधारतो नरः |
प्रशान्तं सर्वमेवासिद्राष्ट्रं पुरवरं च तत् || १-७-१५
15. tatra = there; duSTaH = evil-minded; paradaararatoH naraH = man interested in other's, wife; kaschit na aasiit = anyone, none, is there; sarvam raaSTram = all, kingdom; tat puravaram cha = that, capital, also; prashaantam eva aasiit = undisturbed, only, it is there.
None with an evil-mind or with an interest in other man's wife is there, and thus on whole in the kingdom and also like that in the capital, there is an undisturbed society. [1-7-15]
सुवाससः सुवेषश्च च ते च सर्वे शुचिव्रताः |
हितार्थं च नरेन्द्रस्य जाग्रतो नयचक्षुषा || १-७-१६
16. te cha sarve = they, also, all; suvaasasaH = well dressed; suveSaaH cha = well decorated, also; shuchivrataaH = decency observing; narendrasya hitaarthaH cha = of king, in the interest of, also,; nayachakSusaa = truthful-eyed; jaagrataH = are diligent.
Well-dressed and well-decorated and they the ministers of King Dasharatha, observe decency in the interest of the king and also of the kingdom, with diligence and with a truthful-eye. [1-7-16]
गुरोर्गुणगृहीताश्च प्रख्याताश्च पराक्रमे |
विदेशोष्वपि विज्ञाता सर्वतो दुद्धिनिस्चयाः || १-७-१७
17. guroH = from their mentor, [mother, father and teachers]; guNagR^ihiitaH = good qualities, acquired; paraakrame = expertise; prakhyaataaH = renowned; sarvataH = in all affairs; buddhinischayaaH = intellectual determinations; videsheSu api = in foreign countries, also; vij~naataaH = famous.
They acquired good qualities from their mentors and they are renowned by their expertise, and even in foreign countries they are famous for their intellectual determinations in all affairs. [1-7-17]
अभितो गुणवन्तश्च न चासन्गुणवर्जिताः |
सन्धिविग्रहतत्त्वज्ञाः प्रकृत्या संपदान्विताः | १-७-१८
18. abhitaH = versatile; guNavantaH cha = virtuous ones, also; na cha aasan = not, also, there is; guNavarjitaaH = virtue discarded ones; sandhivigrahatattvaj~naaH = determiners of true and war; = determiners; prakR^ityaa = by nature; sampadaanvitaaH = possessing opulence, .
Versatile and virtuous are they the ministers and there is none who discarded his virtuosity, and they are the determiners of truce or war, and by their nature they possess opulence. [1-7-18]
मंत्रसंवरणे शक्ताः शक्ताः सूक्ष्मासु बुद्धिषु |
नीतिशास्त्रविशोषज्ञाः सततं प्रयवादिनः || १-७-१९
19. mantrasamvaraNe shaktaaH = confidentiality of strategies, capable of; shaktaaH = capable of; suukshmaasu = micro-affairs; buddhiSu = applying mind; niitishaastravisheSaj~naaH = moral science comprehensively known; satatam priyavaadinaH = always gentle articulators.
They are capable to keep up the confidentialities of strategies, and also capable to apply their mind even in micro-affairs, and they know moral science comprehensively, and above all, they are gentle articulators. [1-7-19]
इदृशैस्तैरमात्यैश्च राजा दशरथोऽनघः |
उपपन्नो गुणोपेतैरन्वशासव्दसुंधराम् || १-७-२०
20. anaghaH = exalted - [here, not sinless, but exalted king]; dasarathaH = Dasharatha; guNaupetaiH = good-natured; iidR^ishaiH = suchlike [that efficacious]; taiH amaatyaiH cha = with those, ministers, also; upapannaH = accompanied with; vasundharaam = the earth; anvashaasat = ruled.
Accompanied with such of those effectual and good-natured ministers the exalted king Dasharatha ruled the earth. [1-7-20]
अवेक्षमाणस्चारेण प्रजा धर्मेण रक्षयन् |
प्रजानां पालनं कुर्वन्नधर्मं प्रिवर्जयन् || १-७-२१
विश्रुतस्त्रिषु लोकेषु वदान्यः सत्यसङ्गरः |
स तत्र पुरुषव्याघ्रः शशास पृथिवीमिमाम् || १-७-२२
20-21. puruSa vyaaghraH = manly tiger [most generous among people]; chaareNa avekSamaaNaH = by spies, observing; prajaaH = people; rakSayan = to protect; dharmeNa = virtuously; prajaanaam paalanam kurvan = to people, good rule, to give; adharman parivarjayan = unrighteousness, entirely giving up; vadaanyaH = generous; satyasanagaraH = truthful avowedly; triSu lokeSu vishrutaH = in three, worlds, renowned; pR^ithiviim imaam = the earth, this one; saH = he, Dasharatha; tatra = from there; shashaasa = ruled.
He that most generous one among men, Dasharatha, while observing through spies, and to protect people righteously, and to give a good governance to them, he forsook unrighteousness and became a generous king avowed to truthfulness alone, and thus he that Dasharatha ruled the earth, which rulership is renowned in all the three worlds. [1-7-21,22]
नाध्यगच्छद्विशिष्टं वा तुल्यं वा शत्रुमात्मनः |
मित्रवान्नतसामन्तः प्रतापहतकण्टकः |
स शशास जगद्राजा दिवि देवपतिर्यथा || १-७-२३
23. mitravaan = one who has many friends; natasaamanta = subdued provincial kings; prataapahatakanTakaH = eliminated thorniness by valour; aatmanaH = to himsef; vishiSTam vaa = a superior one, either; tulyam vaa = equal one, or; shatrum = an enemy; na adhyagacChat = not encountered; divi devapatiH yathaa = in Heaven, Indra, like; saH shashaasa jagat = he, ruled, the world.
Emperor Dasharatha has not encountered either a superior or an equal in his kingship, and to him there are many friends, subdued are his provincial kings and eliminated is thorniness by his own valour. He thus ruled the world like Indra would in Heaven. [1-7-23]
तैर्मत्रिभिर्मंरहिते निविष्टैः
वृतोऽनुरक्तैः कुशलैः समर्थैः |
स पार्थिवो दिप्तिमवाप युक्तः
तेजोमयैर्गभिरिवोदितोऽर्कः || १-७-२४
24. mantrahite niviSTaiH = in strategies conducive, concerned; anuraktaiH = interested in; kushalaiH = well skilled; samarthaiH = efficient; taiH mantribhiH = with those, ministers; vR^itaH = surrounded by, in the company of; saH = he; paarthivaH = king; uditaH arkaH [yathaa] = rising, Sun [as with]; yuktaH tejomayaiH gobhiH (yuktaH) = along with, resplendent, sunrays, having; diiptim avaapa = brilliance, obtained.
In the company of those ministers, who are conducive to the strategies, interested in the king and subjects as well, skilful and efficient ones, he that King Dasharatha obtained brilliance, like the rising Sun along with resplendent sunrays. [1-7-24]
...
इति वाल्मीकिरामायणे आदिकाव्ये बालकाण्डे सप्तमः सर्गः
© 1999, Desiraju Hanumanta Rao [Revised: March, 04]
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