The truthful and upright characters of the ministers of Dasharatha are portrayed, who make the rulership meaningful with their virtuous, skilful and efficient administration. Along with the political ministers, the religious ministry is also portrayed.
tasya amātyā guṇair āsan ikṣhvakostu mahātmanaḥ |
maṃtrajñāḥ ca iṅgitajñāḥ ca nityam priya hite ratāḥ || 1-7-1
1. mahaaatmanaH tasya ikshwakuH tu = for great soul, to him, one born in Ikshwaku-s, Dasharatha; guNaiH = those with epitomised attribute; mantraj~naH cha = tactful, also; iN^gitaj~naH cha = adroit ones, also; nityam priya hite rataH = always, in welfare alone, obliged to; amaatyaa = ministers; aasan = are there.
The misters for the great soul from Ikshvaku kings of Emperor Dasharatha, are epitomised ones of their tactfulness, adroitness and are always obliged to undertake welfare activities of their king and the kingdom. [1-7-1]
aṣṭau babhūvuḥ vīrasya tasya amātyā yaśasvinaḥ |
śucayaḥ ca anuraktāḥ ca rājakṛtyeṣu nityaśaḥ || 1-7-2
2. viirasya = of the valiant one; yashasvinaH = glorious king; tasya = his; shuchayaH = clean at heart; nityasaH = all time; raaja kR^ityeSu = in king' s, works; anuraktaaH cha = involved in, also; amaatyaaH = ministers; aSTaH bhabhuvuH = eight, are there.
Eight ministers are there for that valiant and glorious King Dasharatha, who are clean at heart and are involved in the works of the king and kingdom at all time. [1-7-2]
dhṛṣṭir jayanto vijayo surāṣṭro rāṣṭra vardhanaḥ |
akopo dharmapālaḥ ca sumaṃtraḥ ca aṣṭamo arthavit || 1-7-3
3. dhR^iSTiH = Dhristi; jayantaH = Jayantha; vijayaH = Vijaya; suraaSTraH = Suraashtra; raaSTra vardhanaH = Raashtravardhana; akopaH = Akopa; dharmapaalaHcha = Dharmapaala, also; SumantraH = Sumantra; aSTamaH = eighth; abhavat = will be.
Dhristi, Jayantha, Vijaya, Suraashtra, Raashtravardhana, Akopa, Dharmapaala, are seven, and Sumantra is the eighth one. [1-7-3]
ṛtvijau dvau abhimatau tasyāḥ tām ṛṣi sattamau |
vaśiṣṭho vāmadevaḥ ca maṃtriṇaḥ ca tathā apare || 1-7-4
4. tasyaaH = to him, Dasharatha; vashiSTaH = Vashishta; vaamadevaH cha = Vamadeva, also; dvau = two; taam R^iSisattamau = those, saints, of eminence; abhimatau = acquiescent; R^itwijau = Vedic ritual-authorities; tathaa apare = like that, furthermore; mantriNaH cha = ministers, also [are there.]
Two venerable saints of eminence are religious ministers for they are authorities in Vedic rituals, namely Vashishta and Vamadeva, who are the acquiescent with religious matters, and apart from these two some more religious ministers are also there to King Dasharatha. [1-7-4]
suyajño api atha jābāliḥ kāśaypo api atha gautamaḥ |
mārkaṇḍeyaḥ tu dīrghāyuḥ tathā kātyāyano dvijaḥ || 1-7-5
etaiḥ brahmarṣibhir nityam ṛtvijaḥ tasya paurvakāḥ |
5, 6a. suyaj~no api = Suyajna, also; atha jaabaaliH = then, Jaabaali; kaashaypaH api = Kashyapa, also; atha gautamaH = then, Gautama; maarkaNDeyaH tu = Maarkandeya, also; diirghaayuH tathaa = Deerghaayu, like that; kaatyaayanaH = Kaatyayana; dvijaH = Brahman; etaiH = along with them; brahmarSibhiH = Brahma-sages; nityam = always; R^itvijaH = ritual scholars; tasya paurvakaaH = his ancestral pundits.
Suyajna, Jabaali, Kaashyapa, Gautama, Maarkandeya, Deerghaayu, and then Kaatyayana are the scholarly Brahmans acting as religious ministers, and along with them there are also Brahma-sages who are always the ancestral ritual scholars for Dasharatha's family. [1-7-5, 6a]
vidyā vinītā hrīmaṃtaḥ kuśalā niyatendriyāḥ || 1-7-6
śrīmantaḥ ca mahātmanaḥ śāstrajñā dhṛḍha vikramāḥ |
kīrtimantaḥ praṇihitā yathā vacana kāriṇaḥ || 1-7-7
tejaḥ kṣamā yaśaḥ prāptāḥ smita pūrva abhibhāṣiṇaḥ |
6b, 8a vidyaa viniita = in scriptures, well-versed; hriimantaH = shun bad deeds; kushalaaH = skilful; niyataH indriyaH = with regulated, senses; sriimantaH cha = affluent ones; mahaaatmanaH = great, souls; shastra j~naa = sciences, knowers of; dhR^iDha vikramaH = firmly, courageous; kiitrimantaH = distinguished, ones; praNihitaaH = quiet souls; yathaa vachana kaarinaH = as per, their word, doers of [true to their word]; tejaH kshamaa yashaH = they have magnificence, patience, fame; praaptaaH = valiant ones; smitaH puurva abhibhaashana = smile, afore, while, they converse.
All the ministers are well versed in scriptures, they shun bad deeds, skilful ones in their duties with their senses regulated. Those great souls are affluent, knowers of all sciences, firmly courageous, and they are distinguished and quiet-souls, and those ministers are true to their word. They are magnificent, patient and famed ones and they smile afore they converse. [1-7-6b, 8a]
krodhāt kāma artha hetor vā na brūyur anṛtam vacaḥ || 1-7-8
teṣām aviditam kiṃcat śveṣu nāsti pareṣu vā |
kriyamāṇam kṛtam vā api cāreṇa api cikīrṣitam || 1-7-9
8b, 9. krodhaat kaama artha hetoH vaa = in anger, in greed, for monetary, reason of, either; anR^itam = untruthful; vachaH = words; na bruuyuH = never, they speak; teshaam = to them; a viditam = unknown; kimchat = a little; sveSu = in their own [country]; naasti = not there; pareSu vaa = in other [countries,] either; kriyamaaNam = that is happening; kR^ritam = already happened; vaa api = either, that too; chaareNa = through agents; chikiirSitam = that is going to be undertaken [by others, is not there.
They never speak untruthful words in anger or in greed or for monetary reasons either. There is nothing unknown to them, even a little, in their own country or in the others either, or about everything that is happening or has happened, or that is going to happen, for they know them through agents. [1-7-8b, 9]
kuśalā vyvahāreṣu sauhṛdeṣu parīkṣitāḥ |
prāpta kālam yathā daṇḍam dhārayeyuḥ suteṣu api || 1-7-10
10. vyavahareSu = in administration; kushalaaH = efficient; sauhR^ideSu = in their friendships; pariikshitaaH = well examined [by the king]; sutaH api = to their sons, even; praapta kaalam yathaa = comes, time, according to [if situation demands]; daNDam dhaarayeyu = punishment, they impose.
They are efficient in administration and their friendships are well examined by the king, and those ministers impose punishment even on their own sons, if situation demands it. [1-7-10]
kośa saṃgrahaṇe yuktā balasya ca parigrahe |
ahitam ca api puruṣam na hiṃsyur avidūṣakam || 1-7-11
11. kosha samgrahaNe yukataa = treasury, in collections, dutiful; balasya cha parigrahe = of armies, also, militarising; a hitam cha api puruSam = unfriendly, also, even, a person; a vi duushakam = not, really, blameworthy; na himsyuH = do not, torture.
In collections to their treasury and to militarise their armies they are dutiful, even an unfriendly person will not be tortured, if he were not really blameworthy. [1-7-11]
vīrāḥ ca niyatotsāhā rāja śāstram anuṣṭhitāḥ |
śucīnām rakṣitāraḥ ca nityam viṣaya vāsinām || 1-7-12
12. viiraH = valiant; niyata utsaaha = engineered enthusiasm; raaja shaastram = political science; anuSTitaaH = administrators of; viSaya vaasinaam = in kingdom, dwelling ones [subjects of kingdom.]; suchiinaam = clean persons; nityam = at all times; rakshitaaraH = protectors.
They are valiant ones with engineered enthusiasm, administrators of political science, clean persons and protectors of subjects of their kingdom at all times. [1-7-12]
brahma kṣatram ahiṃsantaḥ te kośam samapūrayan |
sutīkṣṇa daṇḍāḥ saṃprekṣya puruṣasya balābalam || 1-7-13
13. brahma kshatram = Brahmans, Kshatriya-s; te a himsantaH = they, do not, persecute; kosham samapuurayan = treasury, to fill up; puruSasya = person's; bala a balam = strength, weakness; samprekshya = after assessing; sutiikshNa danDaaH = high, degree, punishment givers.
They do not persecute Brahman-s and Kshatriya-s to fill-up the treasury, and high degree punishments will be given on assessing that person's, or the offender's strength and weakness. [1-7-13]
śucīnām eka buddhīnām sarveṣām saṃprajānatām |
na āsīt pure vā rāṣṭre vā mṛṣā vādī naraḥ kvacit || 1-7-14
14. suchiinaam = decent ones; ekabudhinaam = one, minded, [in league with]; sarveSaam = all of them; samprajaanataam = administering; kwachit = anywhere; pure vaa raaSTre vaa = in capital, or, in kingdom, either; mR^iSa vaadii naraH = lies, speaking, person [liar]; na aasiit = is not, there.
All of those ministers are clean administrators of kingdom, and are in league with each other, as such there is none anywhere, either in capital or in country, a liar. [1-7-14]
kaścin na duṣṭaḥ tatra āsīt para dāra ratir naraḥ |
praśāṃtam sarvam eva asīt rāṣṭram puravaram ca tat || 1-7-15
15. tatra = there; duSTaH = evil-minded; para daara ratoH naraH = in other's, wife, interested, man; kaschit na aasiit = anyone, none, is there; sarvam raaSTram = all, kingdom; tat pura varam cha = that, capital, also; prashaantam eva aasiit = undisturbed, only, it is there.
None with an evil-mind or with an interest in other man's wife is there, and thus on whole in the kingdom and also like that in the capital, there is an undisturbed society. [1-7-15]
su vāsasa su veṣāḥ ca te ca sarve śucivratāḥ |
hitārthaḥ ca narendrasya jāgrato naya cakṣuṣā || 1-7-16
16. te cha sarve = they, also, all; su vaasasaH = well dressed; su veshaaH cha = well decorated, also; suchi vrataaH = decency, observing; narendrasya hitaarthaH cha = of king, in the interest of, also,; naya chakshuSaa = truthful-eyed; jaagrataH = are diligent.
Well-dressed and well-decorated and they the ministers of King Dasharatha, observe decency in the interest of the king and also of the kingdom, with diligence and with a truthful-eye. [1-7-16]
guror guṇa gṛhītāḥ ca prakhyātāḥ ca parākrame |
videśeṣu api vijñātā sarvato buddhi niścayāḥ || 1-7-17
17. guroH = from their mentors, mother, father and teachers; guNa gR^ihiitaH = good qualities, acquired; paraakrame = expertise; prakyaataH = renowned; sarvataH = in all affairs; buddhi nischayaH = intellectual, determinations; videsheSu api = in foreign countries, also; vij~naataaH = famous.
They acquired good qualities from their mentors and they are renowned by their expertise, and even in foreign countries they are famous for their intellectual determinations in all affairs. [1-7-17]
abhito guṇavantaḥ ca na ca āsan guṇa varjitāḥ |
sandhi vigraha tatvajñāḥ prakṛtyā saṃpadānvitāḥ | 1-7-18
18. abhitaH = versatile; guNavantaH cha = virtuous ones, also; na cha aasan = not, also, there is; guNa varjitaaH = virtue, discarded ones; sandhi = truce; vigraha = war; tatvaj~naH = determiners; prakR^ityaa = by nature; sampada anvitaaH = opulence, possessing.
Versatile and virtuous are they the ministers and there is none who discarded his virtuosity, and they are the determiners of truce or war, and by their nature they possess opulence. [1-7-18]
maṃtra saṃvaraṇe śaktāḥ śaktāḥ sūkṣmāsu buddhiṣu |
nīti śāstra viśeṣajñāḥ satatam priya vādinaḥ || 1-7-19
19. mantra samvaraNe shaktaaH = strategies, their confidentiality, capable of; shaktaaH = capable of; suukshmaasu = micro-affairs; buddhiSu = applying mind; niiti shaastra vishesha j~naH = moral, science, comprehensively, known; satatam priya vaadinaH = always, gentle, articulators.
They are capable to keep up the confidentialities of strategies, and also capable to apply their mind even in micro-affairs, and they know moral science comprehensively, and above all, they are gentle articulators. [1-7-19]
īdṛśaiḥ taiḥ amātyaiḥ ca rājā daśaratho.anaghaḥ |
upapanno guṇopetaiḥ anvaśāsad vasuṃdharām || 1-7-20
20. anaghaH = exalted - [here, not sinless, but exalted king]; dasarathaH = Dasharatha; guNa upetaiH = good-natured; iidR^ishaiH = suchlike [that efficacious]; taiH amaatyaiH cha = with those, ministers, also; upapannaH = accompanied with; vasundharaam = the earth; anvashaasat = ruled.
Accompanied with such of those effectual and good-natured ministers the exalted king Dasharatha ruled the earth. [1-7-20]
avekṣamāṇaḥ cāreṇa prajā dharmeṇa rakṣayan |
prajānām pālanam kurvan adharmam parivarjayan || 1-7-21
viśrutaḥ triṣu lokeṣu vadānyaḥ satya saṃgaraḥ |
sa tatra puruṣavyāghraḥ śaśāsa pṛthvīm imām || 1-7-22
20-21. puruSa vyaaghraH = manly, tiger [most generous among people]; chaareNa avekshyamaa = by spies, observing; prajaaH = people; rakshyan = to protect; dharma = virtuously; prajaanaam paalanam kurvan = to people, good rule, to give; a dharmaan pari varjayan = unrighteousness, entirely, giving up; vadaanyaH = generous; satya sanagaraH = truthful, avowedly; triSu lokeSu vishrutaH = in three, worlds, renowned; pR^ithviim imaam = the earth, this one; saH = he, Dasharatha; tatra = from there; shashaasa = ruled.
He that most generous one among men, Dasharatha, while observing through spies, and to protect people righteously, and to give a good governance to them, he forsook unrighteousness and became a generous king avowed to truthfulness alone, and thus he that Dasharatha ruled the earth, which rulership is renowned in all the three worlds. [1-7-21,22]
na adhyagacchat viśiṣṭam vā tulyam vā śatrum ātmanaḥ |
mitravān nata sāmantaḥ pratāpa hata kaṇṭakaḥ |
sa śaśāsa jagat rājā divi deva patir yathā || 1-7-23
23. mitravaan = one who has many friends; nata saamanta = subdued, provincial kings; prataapa hata kanTakaH = by valour, eliminated, thorniness; aatmanaH = to himsef; vishiSTam vaa = a superior one, either; tulyam vaa = equal one, or; shatrum = an enemy; na adhyagacChat = not encountered; divi devapatiH yathaa = in Heaven, Indra, like; saH shashaasa jagat = he, ruled, the world.
Emperor Dasharatha has not encountered either a superior or an equal in his kingship, and to him there are many friends, subdued are his provincial kings and eliminated is thorniness by his own valour. He thus ruled the world like Indra would in Heaven. [1-7-23]
taiḥ maṃtribhiḥ maṃtra hiteḥ niviṣṭaiḥ
vṛto.anuraktaiḥ kuśalaiḥ samarthaiḥ |
sa pārthivo dīptim avāpa yuktaḥ
tejomayaiḥ gobhiḥ iva uditaḥ arkaḥ || 1-7-24
24. mantra hite niviSTaiH = in stratej~n, conducive, concerned; anuraktaiH = interested in; kushalaiH = well skilled; samarthaiH = efficient; taiH mantribhiH = with those, ministers; vR^itaH = surrounded by, in the company of; saH = he; paarthiva = king; uditaH arkaH [yathaa] = rising, Sun [as with]; yuktaH tejomayaiH gobhiH yuktaH = along with, resplendent, sunrays, having; diiptim avaapa = brilliance, obtained.
In the company of those ministers, who are conducive to the strategies, interested in the king and subjects as well, skilful and efficient ones, he that King Dasharatha obtained brilliance, like the rising Sun along with resplendent sunrays. [1-7-24]
iti vālmīki rāmāyaṇe ādi kāvye bāla kāṇḍe saptamaḥ sargaḥ
© 1999, Desiraju Hanumanta Rao [Revised: March, 04]
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