The departure of Rama from Ayodhya for his exile is depicted. When they are charioted through the streets of Ayodhya the citizenry wails and weeps for Rama's disposition. In his unsurpassable affection towards Rama, King Dasharatha follows the chariot like a commoner, but fails to go further and falls down.
अथ रामः च सीता च लक्ष्मणः च कृत अन्जलिः |
उपसम्गृह्य राजानम् चक्रुर् दीनाः प्रदक्षिणम् || २-४०-१
1. atha = then; raamashcha = Rama; seetaacha = Seetha; lakshmaNascha = as Lakshmana; diinaaH = who felt miserable; upasamgR^ihya = bowed down by touching the feet; raajaanam = of the king; pradakshhiNam chakruH = went round him clockwise; kR^itaanjaliH = with joined palms.
Then, Rama Seetha and Lakshmana, who felt miserable, bowed down by touching the feet of the king and went round him clockwise with joined palms.
तम् च अपि समनुज्ञाप्य धर्मज्ञः सीतया सह |
राघवः शोक सम्मूढो जननीम् अभ्यवादयत् || २-४०-२
2. samanujJNaH = after taking leave; tam = of Dasaratha; raaghavaH = Rama; dharmaJNaH = who know what is right; siitayaasaha = along with seetha; abhyavaadayat = bowed; jananiim = to his mother Kausalya; shokasammuudhaH = stupefied by sorrow.
After taking leave of Dasaratha, Rama who knew what is right and stood confounded by sorrow, bowed along with Seetha to Kausalya.
अन्वक्षम् लक्ष्मणो भ्रातुः कौसल्याम् अभ्यवादयत् |
अथ मातुः सुमित्राया जग्राह चरणौ पुनः || २-४०-३
3. anvakshham = Immediately following; bhraatuH = his brother; lakshhmanaH = Lakshmana; abhyavaadayat = bowed; kausalyaam = to Kausalya; atha = then; punaH = again; jagraaha = clasped; charaNau = the feet; sumitraayaaH = of Sumintra; maatuH = his mother.
Immediately following his brother, Lakshmana too bowed to Kausalya, then clasped the feet of his mother Sumitra.
तम् वन्दमानम् रुदती माता सौमित्रिम् अब्रवीत् |
हित कामा महा बाहुम् मूर्ध्नि उपाघ्राय लक्ष्मणम् || २-४०-४
4. upaaghraaya = smelling; muurdhani = the head; lakshmaNam = of Lakshmana; mahaabaahum = the mighty armed; vandamaanam = who was saluting her; maataa = his mother; hitakaamaa = who wished well of him; abraviit = spoke; rudatii = weeping; soumitrim = to that son of hers.
Smelling (as a token of affection) the head of Lakshmana mighty armed, who was saluting her, his mother Sumitra who wished well of him, spoke weepin, to that son of her ( as follows)
सृष्टः त्वम् वन वासाय स्वनुरक्तः सुहृज् जने |
रामे प्रमादम् मा कार्षीः पुत्र भ्रातरि गच्चति || २-४०-५
5. svanuraktaH = highly fond; suhR^ijjane = of your kinsman Rama; tvam = you; sR^ishhTaH = have been permitted(by me); vanavaasaaya = to dwell in the forest; putra = Oh son! maa karshhiiH = do not; pramaadam = neglect; bhraatari = your half-brother; raame = Rama; gachchhati = who is going ( to the forest)
"Highly fond of your kinsman Rama, you have been pemitted (by me) to dwell in the forest(with your eldest half-brother). Do not neglect your half-brother). Do not neglect your half-brother Rama, who is going to the forest, my son!"
व्यसनी वा समृद्धो वा गतिर् एष तव अनघ |
एष लोके सताम् धर्मः यज् ज्येष्ठ वशगो भवेत् || २-४०-६
6. anagha = "Oh; sinless one! vysaniivaa = whether in adversity; samR^iddhovaa = or in riches; eshhaH = he alne; gatiH = is refuge; tava = to you; tava = to you; bhave yat = it should become; dharmaH = code of conduct; sataam = of the virtuous; loka = in the world; eshhaH = that; jyeshhThavashagaH = younger brother should be subject to the control of his elder brother."
"Oh, sinless one! Whether in adversity or in riches, he alone is refugee to you. It should become the code of conduct in the world, that younger brother should be subject to the control of his elder brother."
इदम् हि वृत्तम् उचितम् कुलस्य अस्य सनातनम् |
दानम् दीक्षा च यज्ञेषु तनु त्यागो मृधेषु च || २-४०-७
7. idam = this; vR^ittamhi = is ideed a practice; uchitam = right; sanaatanam = from ancient times; kulasya = in your race; daanam = of making gifts; diikshhaacha = of dedicating oneself to; yajJNeshhu = performance of sacrificial rites; tanutyaagaH cha = and of forsaking the body; mR^idheshhu = in battles.
"It is indeed a practice right from ancient times in your race, to make gifts, to dedicate onself to performance of sacrificial rites and to foresake one's body to fight battles."
लक्स्मणम् त्वेवम्क्त्वा सा संसिद्धम् प्रियराघवम् |
सुमित्रा गच्छ गच्छेति पुनः पुनरुवाच तम् || २-४०-८
8. evam = thus; uktvaa = speaking; lakshhmanam = to Lakshmana; samsiddham = who was in readiness (to leave the forest); priya raaghavam = and who loved Rama dearly; saa = that; sumitraa = Sumitra; punaH = punaH = again and again; uvaacha = said; tam = to him; iti = thus; gachchha = "fare forth!"
Thus speaking to Lakshmana, who was in readiness to leave the forest and who loved Rama dearly, Sumitra repeatedly said to him, "fare forth, fare forth!"
रामम् दशरथम् विद्धि माम् विद्धि जनक आत्मजाम् |
अयोध्याम् अटवीम् विद्धि गच्च तात यथा सुखम् || २-४०-९
9. vidhdhhi = know; raamam = Rama; dasharatham = to be Dasaratha; vidhdhhi = look upon; janakaatmajaam = Seetha the daughter of Janaka; maam = as myself; vidhdhhi = consider; aTaviim = forest; ayodhyaam = as Ayodhya; gachchha = depart; yathaasukham = happily; taata = my son!
"Know Rama to be Dasaratha. Look upon Seetha the daughter of Janaka as myself. Consider the forest as Ayodhya and depart happily, my son!"
ततः सुमन्त्रः काकुत्स्थम् प्रान्जलिर् वाक्यम् अब्रवीत् |
विनीतः विनयज्ञः च मातलिर् वासवम् यथा || २-४०-१०
10. tataH = then; sumantraH = Sumantra; viniitaH = the humble man; vinayajJNashcha = who was aware of humility; praaJNjaliH = with joined palms; abraviit = spoke; vaakyam = (these) words; kaakutthsam = to Rama; vaasavam yathaa = as to Indra (ruler of gods) maatalih = Matali(charioteer of Indra)
Then, Sumantra the humble man, who was aware of humility, joined his palms and spoke these words to Rama even as Matali(charioteer of Indra) would to Indra (the ruler of gods).
रथम् आरोह भद्रम् ते राज पुत्र महा यशः |
क्षिप्रम् त्वाम् प्रापयिष्यामि यत्र माम् राम वक्ष्यसि || २-४०-११
11. aaroha = "mount; ratham = the chariot; mahaayashaH = oh; the highly illustrious; raajaputra = prince! bhadram = may al be well; te = with you! praapayishhyaami = I shall take; tvaam = you; kshhipram = speedily; yatra = wherever; vakshhyasi = you tell"
"Mount the chariot, oh the highly illustrious prince! May all be well with you! I shall take you speedily, wherever you direct me to go."
चतुर् दश हि वर्षाणि वस्तव्यानि वने त्वया |
तानि उपक्रमितव्यानि यानि देव्या असि चोदितः || २-४०-१२
12. tvayaa = by you; vastavyaani = to be resided; vane = in the forest; chaturdasha = for fourteen; varshhaaNi = years; yaani = which years; choditaH asi = were directed to you; devyaa = by the queen; taani = those; upakramitavyaani = are considered to have commenced
"you have to reside in the forest for fourteen years. Those years, as directed by the queen, are to be considered having commenced."
तम् रथम् सूर्य सम्काशम् सीता हृष्टेन चेतसा |
आरुरोह वर आरोहा कृत्वा अलम्कारम् आत्मनः || २-४०-१३
13. kR^itvaa = having; alamkaaram = adorned; aatmanaH = herself; siitaa = Seetha; varaarohaa = with her comely buttocks; aaruroha = mounted; hR^ishhTena = with a delighted; chetasaa = mind; ta ratham = that chariot; surya samkaasham = which was shining like the sun.
Having adorned herself, Seetha with her comely buttocks, mounted with a delighted mind, that chariot which was shining like the sun.
तथैव आयुध जातानि भ्रातृभ्याम् कवचानि च |
रथ उपस्थे प्रतिन्यस्य सचर्म कठिनम् च तत् || २-४०-१४
14. atho = thereafter; raamalakshhmaNau = Rama and Lakshmana; bhraatarau = the brothers; tuurNam = quickly; aaruruhatuH = mounted; tam = that chariot; jvalasamkaasham = which was resplendent like fire; chaamiikara vibhuushhitam = and decked with gold.
Thereafter, Rama and Lakshmana the brothers quickly mounted that chariot, which was replendent like fire and decked with gold.
वनवासम् हि सम्ख्यय वासांस्याभरणानि च |
भर्तारमनुगच्छन्त्यै सीतायै श्वशुरो ददौ || २-४०-१५
15. siitaayai = for Seetha; anugachchhantyai = who was accompanying; bhartaaram = her husband; shvashuraH = the father in law(Dasaratha); dadau = gave away; vaasaamsi = garments; aabharaNaanicha = and jewellery; samkhyaaya = taking into enumeration; vana vaasam = her stay in the forest.
For Seetha who was accompanying with her husband, Dasaratha gave away garments and jewellery, taking into consideration the period for which she had to stay in the forest.
तथैवायुधजालानि भ्रातृभ्याम् कवचानि च |
रथोपस्थे प्रतिन्यस्य सचर्म कठिनम् च तत् || २-४०-१६
सीता तृतीयान् आरूढान् दृष्ट्वा धृष्टम् अचोदयत् |
सुमन्त्रः सम्मतान् अश्वान् वायु वेग समान् जवे || २-४०-१७
16; 17. tathaiva = In like manner; bhraatR^ithyaam = for the brother; aayudha; pratinyasya = keeping; jaalaani = the sets of weapons; kavachaanicha = armour; kaThinamcha = of hard make; sacharma = with leather = cover; rathopasthe = in the middle of the chariot; sumantraH = Sumantra; dR^ishhTvaa = saw; sitaatR^itiiyaan = the three of whom Seetha constituted the third; aaruudhaan = mounted; aachodayat = drove; dhR^ishhTam = quickly; ashvaan = the horses; sammataan = which were highly admired; jave = with swiftness; vaaynvega samaan = like velocity of wind.
Even so for the two brothers, keeping the sets of weapon, an armour of hard make with leather-cover in the midst of the chariot, Sumantra saw the three of whom Seetha constituted the third mounted and quickly drove the horses which were highly admired, with their swiftness resembling the velocity of wind.
प्रयाते तु महा अरण्यम् चिर रात्राय राघवे |
बभूव नगरे मूर्च्चा बल मूर्च्चा जनस्य च || २-४०-१८
18.raaghave = Rama; pratiyaate = after departing; mahaaraNye = to the great forest; chiraraatraaya = for a long term; muurchchhaa = unconsciousness; babhuuva = prevailed; nagare = in the city; balamuurchchhaacha = (there was) faintness in strength; janasya = of people.
Rama after departing to the great forest for a long term, unconsciousness prevailed in the city. There was faintness in the strength of people.
तत् समाकुल सम्भ्रान्तम् मत्त सम्कुपित द्विपम् |
हय शिन्जित निर्घोषम् पुरम् आसीन् महा स्वनम् || २-४०-१९
19. tat puram = that city; aasiit = became; aakula sambhraantam = filled with flurry; matta sankupita dvipam = with its elephants intoxicated in rut and highly excited (as they were) layashiNjita nirghoshham = resonant with tinkling of ornaments of horses
The city( of Ayodhya) is filled with flurry, with its elephants intoxicated in rut and highly excited and resonant with tinkling of ornaments of horses.
ततः सबाल वृद्धा सा पुरी परम पीडिता |
रामम् एव अभिदुद्राव घर्म आर्तः सलिलम् यथा || २-४०-२०
20. tataH = thereafter; saa purii = that city; sabaala vR^iddhaa = including the youngsters and the old; parama piiDitaa = stricken with; extreme agony; abhidudraava = ran towards; raamam eva = Rama alone; salilam yathaa = like towards water; gharmaartah = the one afflicted with heat (of the sun).
That city, including the youngsters and the old, stricken with extreme agony, ran towards Rama alone, in the same way as the one afflicted with heat of the sun rushes towards water.
पार्श्वतः पृष्ठतः च अपि लम्बमानाः तत् उन्मुखाः |
बाष्प पूर्ण मुखाः सर्वे तम् ऊचुर् भृश दुह्खिताः || २-४०-२१
21. lambaamaanaaH = having down toards; paarshvataH = sides; pR^ishhThatashchaiva = and back; sarve = all those people; tadanmukhaaH = with their faces turned towards him; bhaashhpapuurNamukhaaH = with their faces filled with tears; bhR^ishanisvanaah = with loud voices; uuchuH = said; tam = to him(Sumantra)
Having down towards sides and back of the chariot with their faces turned towards Rama and with their faces filled with tears, all those people said with loud voices to Sumantra thus:
सम्यच्च वाजिनाम् रश्मीन् सूत याहि शनैः शनैः |
मुखम् द्रक्ष्यामि रामस्य दुर्दर्शम् नो भविष्यति || २-४०-२२
22. suuta = Oh; Charioteer! samayachchha = hold in; rashmiin = the reins; vaajinaam = of the horses; yaahi = (and) go; shanaiH shanaiH = slowly and slowly; drakshhyaamaH = we would behold; mukham = the face; raamasya = Rama; bhavishhyati = which would be; durdarsham = difficult to behold; saH = for us.
"Hold in the reins of the horses and go slowly and slowly, Oh charioteer! We would behold the face of Rama, which would be henceforth difficult to behold for us"
आयसम् हृदयम् नूनम् राम मातुर् असंशयम् |
यद् देव गर्भ प्रतिमे वनम् याति न भिद्यते || २-४०-२३
23. hR^idayam = the heart; raama maatuH = of Rama's mother(Kausaly) nuunam = surely asamshayam = undoubtedely; aayasam = is made of iron; yat = since; na bhidyat = it does not get broken; deva garbha pratime = (when) Rama resembling an affspring of gods; yaati = is going; vanam = to the forest.
"The heart of Rama's mother(Kausalya) is surely and undoubtedly made of iron, since it does not get broken when Rama resembling an offspring of gods is going to the forest"
कृत कृत्या हि वैदेही चाया इव अनुगता पतिम् |
न जहाति रता धर्मे मेरुम् अर्क प्रभा यथा || २-४०-२४
24. vaidehii = Seetha (the princess of Videha kingdom) kR^ita kR^ityaa = has done what ought to be done; anugataa = by going after; chhayaiva = like a shadow; rataa = delighted; dharme = in virtue; na jahaati = does not leave; patim = her husband; yathaa meru = like Mount Meru; arka prabhaa = the efflugence of the sun.
"Seetha(the princess of Videha kingdom) has done what ought to be done, by going along with him like a shadow, delighted in virtue as she was and does not leave her husband in the same way as Mount Meru does not leave the efflugence of sun"
अहो लक्ष्मण सिद्ध अर्थः सतताम् प्रिय वादिनम् |
भ्रातरम् देव सम्काशम् यः त्वम् परिचरिष्यसि || २-४०-२५
25. lakshhmaNa = Oh; Lakshmana! yaH tvam = since you; paracharishhyasi = are attending; satatam = ever; bhraataram = to your brother; priyavaadinam = who speaks affectionately; devasamkaasham = and in equal to the god; aho = Ah; you are; siddharthaH = the accomplisher of purpose!
"Oh, Lakshmana! You are attending ever to your brother who speaks affectionately and is equal to the god. Ah, you are the accomplisher of purpose!"
महति एषा हि ते सिद्धिर् एष च अभ्युदयो महान् |
एष स्वर्गस्य मार्गः च यद् एनम् अनुगच्चसि || २-४०-२६
26. eshhaa = It; mahatii = is immense; siddhi = fulfilment; te = for you; eshhaH = it; mahaan = is tremendous; abhyandayaH = good fortune; eshhaH = it; maargashcha = is even means; svargasya = to heaven; anugachchhasi iti yat = that you are following; enam = this Rama.
"It is an immense fulfilment for you, it is a tremendous good fortune for you, nay, it is even a means to heaven that you are following this Rama"
एवम् वदन्तः ते सोढुम् न शेकुर् बाष्पम् आगतम् |
अथ राजा वृतः स्त्रीभिर् दीनाभिर् दीन चेतनः || २-४०-२७
27. vadantaH = saying; evam = so; te naraaH = those people; na shekuH = were not able; sodhum = to restrain; baashhpam = their tears; aagatam = that come; anugachchhantaH = and followed; tam = the Rama; priyam = their beloved; ikshhvaaku nandanam = delight of the Ikshvaakus.
Saying so, those people were not able to restrain their tears that come and followed that Rama, their beloved delight of the Ikshvakus.
अथ राजा वृतः स्त्रीभिर्दीनाभिर्दीनचेतनः |
निर्जगाम प्रियम् पुत्रम् द्रक्ष्यामि इति ब्रुवन् गृहात् || २-४०-२८
28. atha = then; raajaa = the king; diinachetanaH = with the distressed min; bruvan = saying; dakshhyaaniti = that he would behold; priyam = his beloved; putram = son; nirjagaama = came out; gR^ihaat = of his palace; vR^itaH = surrounded; striibhiH = by women; diinaabhiH = who were dejected.
Then, the king with the distressed mind, saying that he would behold his beloved saw, came out of his palace surrounded by women who were too dejected.
शुश्रुवे च अग्रतः स्त्रीनाम् रुदन्तीनाम् महा स्वनः |
यथा नादः करेणूनाम् बद्धे महति कुन्जरे || २-४०-२९
29. agrataH = In front of him; shushruve = was heard; mahaasvanaH = a huge noise; rudantiinaam = of crying; striiNaam = women; naadaH yathaa = echoing like trumpeting; kareNuunaam = of female elephants; mahati kuNjare = (when) a lordly elephant; baddhe = has been pinoned.
In front of him was heard a huge noise of crying women, echoing like trumpeting of female elephants when a lordly elephant has been pinioned.
पिता च राजा काकुत्स्थः श्रीमान् सन्नः तदा बभौ |
परिपूर्णः शशी काले ग्रहेण उपप्लुतः यथा || २-४०-३०
30. tadaa = then; kaale = at that time; pitaa hi = the father as is well known; shriimaan = as a glorious; raajaa = king; kaakutsthaH = Dasaratha( a scion of Kakutstha) abhavat = becoame; sannaH = shrunk; puurNa shashiiyathaa = like a full moon; upaplutaH = overshadowed; graheNa = by an eclipse.
At that time, the father of Rama as is well known as a glorious king Dasaratha(a scion of Kakutstha) looked shrunk, like the full moon oversadowed by an eclipse.
स च श्रीमानचिन्त्यात्मा रामो दशरथात्मजः |
सूतम् संचोदयामास त्वरितम् वाह्यतामिति || २-४०-३१
31.saH = then; shriimaan = glorious; dasharathaatmaJaH = son of Dasaratha; Rama; achintyaatmaa = of inconceivable courage; samchodayaamaasa = directed; suutam = the charioteer; iti = thus; vaahyataam = "Let it be driven; tvaritam = fast"
That glorious son of Dasaratha(Rama) of inconceivable courage, directed the charioteer in the words "Let the chariot be driven fast."
रामो याहीति सूतम् तम् तिष्ठेति स जनस्तदा |
उभयम् नाशकत्सूतः कर्तुमध्वनि चोदितः || २-४०-३२
32. tathaa = then; raamaH = Rama(commanded); tamsuutam = that charioteer; iti = with the words; yaahi = "Move on!" janaH = the people; iti = with the words; tishhTha = "stop!" choditaH = urged; adhvani = on the passage; suutaH = the charioteer; naashakat = could not; kartum = do; ubhayam = both.
Rama commanded that charioteer with the words "Move on!" The people said to him "stop!" Urged on the passage, the charioteer could not do both.
निर्गच्छति महाबाहौ रामे पौरजनाश्रुभिः |
पतितैरभ्यवहितम् प्रशशाम महीरजः || २-४०-३३
33MahiirajaH = the dust; abhyavahitam = raised on the road; nirgachchhati = due to moving out; raame = of Rama; mahaabaahau = the mighty armed; prashashaama = was suppressed; patitaiH = by the falling; paurajanaashrubhiH = tears of the citizens.
The dust raised on the road due to moving out of mighty armed Rama, was suppressed by the falling tears of the citizens.
रुदिताश्रुपरिद्यूनम् हाहाकृतमचेतनम् |
प्रयाणे राघवस्यासीत्पुरम् परमपीडितम् || २-४०-३४
34. rudiraashru paridyuunam = Wet with wailing tears; haahaakR^itam = (and) loud cries; puram = the city (of Ayodhya) prayaaNe = at that time of departure; raaghavasya = of Rama; aasiit = became; achetanam = unconscious; paramapiiditam = with deep agony.
With full of wailing tears, the citizens of after making loud cries became unconscious with deep agony, at the time of departure of Rama.
सुस्राव नयनैः स्त्रीणामस्रमायाससम्भवम् |
मीनसम्क्षोभचलितैः सलिलम् पङ्कजैरिव || २-४०-३५
35. asram = Tears; aayaasasambhavam = born of anguish; susraava = flowed; nayanaiH = from the eyes; striiNaam = of women; salilamiva = like(drops of) water; paNkajaiH = from lotuses; miina samkshhobhachalitaiH = by the commation of fist.
Tears born of anguish flowed from the eyes of women like(drops of) water falling from lotuses by the commotion of fish.
दृष्ट्वा तु नृपतिः श्रीमानेकचित्तगतम् पुरम् |
निपपातैव दुःखेन हतमूल इव द्रुमः || २-४०-३६
36. dR^ishhTvaa = Seeing; puram = the city; ekachittagatam = with singleness of mind; shriimaan = the glorious; nR^ipatiH = monarch; nipapaataiva = fell down; duHkhena = with agony; drumaH iva = like a tree; hatamuulaH = sain at its root.
Seeing the city with singleness of mind, the glorious monarch Dasaratha fell down with agony, like a tree slain at its root.
ततओ हल हला शब्दो जज्ञे रामस्य पृष्ठतः |
नराणाम् प्रेक्ष्य राजानम् सीदन्तम् भृश दुह्खितम् || २-४०-३७
37. tataH = thereafter; prekshhya = seeing; raajaanam = the king; siidantam = becoming feeble; bR^ishaduHkhitam = and much distress; halahalashabdaH = the out cry; naraaNam = of the people; jaJNe = rose; pR^ishhTataH = from the rear; raamasya = of Rama.
Thereafter, seeing the king becoming feeble and much distressed, the outery of the people rose from the rear of Rama.
हा राम इति जनाः केचित् राम माता इति च अपरे |
अन्तः पुरम् समृद्धम् च क्रोशन्तम् पर्यदेवयन् || २-४०-३८
38. kachit = some; janaaH = poeple; kroshantaH = crying; haa raameti = "Oh Rama!" apare = and some others; raamamaateti = "Oh Rama's mother!" paryadevayan antHpuram samR^iddhamcha = and made the entire gynaecium to weap.
Some poeple crying "Oh, Rama!" and some other scrying "Oh, Rama's mother!", made the entire women in the gynaecium to weap.
अन्वीक्षमाणो रामः तु विषण्णम् भ्रान्त चेतसम् |
राजानम् मातरम् चैव ददर्श अनुगतौ पथि || २-४०-३९
39. anviikshhamaanaH = looking back; raamastu = Rama; dadarsha = saw; raajaanam = the king; vishhaNNam = sorrowful; bhraantachetasam = and perplexed in mind; maataram chaiva = as well as his mother; anugatau = following(him) pathi = on the road.
Looking back, Rama saw the king sorrowful and perplexed in mind, as well as his mother following (him) on the road.
स बद्ध इव पाशेन किशोरो मातरम् यथा |
धर्मपाशेन सम्क्षिप्तः प्रकाशम् नाभुदैक्षत || २-४०-४०
40.saH = Rama; samkshhiptaH = bound; dharmapaashena = by the chord of righteousness; naabhyudaikshhata = could not behold those parents; prakaasham = openly; kishoraH iva = as a (foal); baddhaH = caught; paashena = in a snare; maataram yathaa = its dam.
Rama, bound by the chord of righteousness, could not gaze openly at his parents, as a foal caught in asnare would not properly look at its dam.
पदातिनौ च यान अर्हाव् अदुह्ख अर्हौ सुख उचितौ |
दृष्ट्वा संचोदयाम् आस शीघ्रम् याहि इति सारथिम् || २-४०-४१
41. dR^ishhTvaa = seeing(then) padaatinau = coming by foot; yaanaarhau = (through) worthy of a chariot; sukhochitau = habituated to comfort; avaduHkhaarhau = unworthy of suffering; samchodayaamaasa = commanded; sarathim = the charioteer; iti = thus; yaahi = "Drive; shiighram = fast!"
Seeing them coming by foot, though worthy of a chariot, habituated to comfort and unworthy of suffering, Rama commanded the charioteer with words: "Drive fast!"
न हि तत् पुरुष व्याघ्रः दुह्खदम् दर्शनम् पितुः |
मातुः च सहितुम् शक्तः तोत्र अर्दितैव द्विपः || २-४०-४२
42.purushhvyaaghraH = Rama; the tiger among men; duHkhadam = feeling pained; dvipaH iva = as an elephant; totraarditaH = pricked by a good; na shaktaH hi = was indeed not able; sahitum = to bear; tat = that; darshanam = sight; pituH = of his father; maatushcha = and his mother.
Rama the tiger among men, feeling pained, as an elephant being pricked by a good, indeed was not able to bear that plight of his father and his mother.
प्रत्यगारमिवायान्ती वत्सला वत्सकारणात् |
बद्धवत्सा यथा धेनू राममाताभ्याधावत || २-४०-४३
43. raamamaataa = Rama's mother(Kausalya) abhyadhaavata = ran towards her son; dhanuH iva = as a cow; dhanuH iva = as a cow; baddha vatsaa = whose calf stands tied; vatsalaa = fond of her calf; aayaantii = coming; agaaram prati = home; vatsa kaaraNaat yathaa = for her calf.
Rama's mother (Kausalya) ran towards her son, as a cow fond of her calf and whose calf is tied(in a stall), runs home for her calf.
तथा रुदन्तीम् कौसल्याम् रथम् तम् अनुधावतीम् |
क्रोशन्तीम् राम राम इति हा सीते लक्ष्मण इति च || २-४०-४४
रामलक्ष्मणसीतार्थम् स्रवन्तीम् वारि नेत्रजम् |
असकृत् प्रैक्षत तदा नृत्यन्तीम् इव मातरम् || २-४०-४५
44; 45. saH = Rama; askR^it = again and again; praikshhata = saw; taam kausalyaam = that Kausalya; maataram = his mohter; rudantiim = who was crying; tathaa = thus; anudhaavantiim = running after; tam ratham = that chariot; mR^ityantiim iva = as though dancing; kroshantiim = shouting; raama raameti = Oh; Rama; Rama! haa siite = Oh; Seetha! lakshmaNeticha = and Oh; Lakshmana; sravantiim = trickling; vaari = tears; netrajam = decended from the eyes; raamalakshmaNa siitaartham = for the sake of Rama; Lakshmana and Seetha.
Rama again and again saw that Kausalya, his mother who was crying thus, running after that chariot as though dancing, shouting"Oh, Rama, Rama!" "Oh, Seetha!" and "Oh, Lakshmana!" trickling tears descending from her eyes for the sake of Rama Lakshmana and Seetha.
तिष्ठ इति राजा चुक्रोष याहि याहि इति राघवः |
सुमन्त्रस्य बभूव आत्मा चक्रयोः इव च अन्तरा || २-४०-४६
46. dasharatha = Dasaratha; chukrosha = exclaimed saying; tishheti = "Stop!" raaghavaH = Rama; yaahiyaahi iti = "go on; proceed!" aatmaa = the mind; sumantrasya = of Sumantra; babhuuya = became; antaraa iva = as in between; chakrayoH = two whirl-pools.
Dasaratha exclaimed saying "Stop!" while Rama called out "Go on, proceed!" (In that way) Sumantra's mind became confused, as in between two (opposing) whirl pools.
न अश्रौषम् इति राजानम् उपालब्धो अपि वक्ष्यसि |
चिरम् दुह्खस्य पापिष्ठम् इति रामः तम् अब्रवीत् || २-४०-४७
47. raamaH = Rama; abraviit = said; tam = to him; iti = thus; vakshhyasi = "you can say; rajaanaam = to the king; naashraushhamiti = that you did not hear; upaalabdho.api = even when scolded; duHkham = (seeing) their gief; chiram = for a long tiem; paapishhTam = is a very wicked thing.
Rama said to him: "You can say to the king that you did not hear (his call), even when scolded (later). seeing their grief for a long time is quite unbearbale."
रामस्य स वचः कुर्वन्न् अनुज्ञाप्य च तम् जनम् |
व्रजतः अपि हयान् शीघ्रम् चोदयाम् आस सारथिः || २-४०-४८
48. saarathiH = the charioteer; kurvan = doing; raamasya = (as per) Rama's; vachaH = words; anuJNaapya = taking leave of; tam = those; janam = citizens; chodayaamaasa = driven; hayaan = the horses; shiighram = (more) speedily; vrajoto.api = even when they are proceeding.
The charioteer, doing as per Rama's words, took leave of those citizens and drive the horses more speedily even while they are going.
न्यवर्तत जनो राज्ञो रामम् कृत्वा प्रदक्षिणम् |
मनसा अपि अश्रु वेगैः च न न्यवर्तत मानुषम् || २-४०-४९
49. raaJNaH = the king's ; janaH = people; nyavartata = returned; pradakshhiNam kR^itvaa; after (mentally) going round; raamam = Rama; maamshham = the mankind; nanyavartata = did not return; manasaa.api = with their mind; ashruvegishcha = or the impulse of their tears.
The king's people returned after (mentally) going round Rama. Their minds did not return. Their impulse of tears also did not get reduced.
यम् इच्चेत् पुनर् आयान्तम् न एनम् दूरम् अनुव्रजेत् |
इति अमात्या महा राजम् ऊचुर् दशरथम् वचः || २-४०-५०
50. amaatyaaH = the ministers; uuchuH = spoke; vachaH = these words; maahaarajam = to the king; dasharatham = Dasaratha; iti = thus; yam = to who; ichchhet = (we) desire(him) aayantam = to come; punaH = again; enam = to him; naanuprajet = we; should not follow; duuram = to a long distance.
The ministers spoke to king Dasaratha as follows:" We should not follow to a long distance him whom we wish to see come back."
तेषाम् वचः सर्व गुण उपपन्नम् |
प्रस्विन्न गात्रः प्रविषण्ण रूपः |
निशम्य राजा कृपणः सभार्यो |
व्यवस्थितः तम् सुतम् ईक्षमाणः || २-४०-५१
51. nishamya = hearing; teshhaam = their; vachaH = words; sarvaguNopapannam = which were befitting with all virtues; raajaa = the king; kR^ipaNaH = felt miserable; vyasthitaH = stopped short; iikshhamaaNaH = gazing; sa bhaaryaH = along with his wife; tam sutam = at that son(Rama); prasvinnagaatraH = with his body pesspiring; pravishhaNNaruupaH = and wearing a dejected appearance.
Hearing their words, which were befilting with all virtues, the king Dasaratha felt miserable, stopped short, gazing along with his wife, at his son Rama, with his whole body perspiring and wearing a dejected look.
- - -
इति वाल्मीकि रामायणे आदि काव्ये अयोध्य काण्डे चत्वारिंशः सर्गः
Thus completes 40th chapter in the AyodhyaKanda of the glorious Ramayana of Valmiki, the work of a sage and the oldest epic.
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© June 2002, K. M. K. Murthy
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