Book IV : Kishkindha Kanda - The Empire of Holy Monkeys
Sugreeva informs Rama that Vali could not be appeased in spite of repeated requests as he is resolved to accept Sugreeva as an enemy. Vali banishes Sugreeva from the kingdom with the same thinking. |
tata× krodha sam˜viÿ÷am samrabdham tam up˜gatam |
aham pras˜day˜n cakre bhr˜taram hita k˜myay˜ || 4-10-1
1. tataH aham= then, I; prasaadayaan cakre= begged of him; krodha samaaviSTam= by anger, enveloped; samrabdham= capricious one; upaagatam= who arrived; tam bhraataram= him, brother; hita kaamyayaa= well-being, desiring.
"Then desiring both of our well-being I have begged of my brother who is enveloped in anger and behaving capriciously. [4-10-1]
diÿ÷y˜ asi kuþalŸ pr˜pto nihata× ca tvay˜ ripu× |
an˜thasya hi me n˜tha× tvam eko an˜tha nandana× || 4-10-2
2. anaatha aanandanaH= oh, orphan's, delight Rama; diSTyaa tvayaa ripuH nihataH= luckily, by you, enemy, is eliminated; kushalii praaptaH asi= safely, returned, you are; anaathasya me tvam ekaH naathaH= to an orphaned one, to me, you, alone, are the protector.
"Oh, orphan's, delight Rama, I addressed him like this, "Luckily you have eliminated the enemy and returned safely, and to an orphaned one like me you alone are the protector. [4-10-2]
idam bahu þal˜kam te p¨rõa candram iva uditam |
chatram sa v˜la vyajanam pratŸcchasva may˜ dh®tam || 4-10-3
3. te= to you; mayaa dhR^itam= by me, held; bahu shalaakam= with many, spikes; uditam puurNa candram iva= arisen, full, moon, like; sa vaala vyajanam= with, [accompanying] fur, fans; idam Chatram pratiicChasva= this, [regal] umbrella, you accept.
Let this regal umbrella unfolded like a full moon, with its many of its spikes, and with accompanying fur-fans may please be accepted while I hold it for you. [4-10-3]
˜rtasya atha bil˜ dv˜ri sthita× saÕvatsaram n®pa |
d®ÿ÷v˜ ca þoõitam dv˜ri bil˜t ca api samutthitam || 4-10-4
þoka saÕvigna h®dayo bh®þam vy˜kulita indriya× |
apidh˜ya bila dv˜ram þaila þ®ðgeõa tat tad˜ || 4-10-5
tasm˜t deþ˜t ap˜kramya kiÿkindh˜m pr˜viþam puna× |
4, 5, 6a. nR^ipa= oh, king; aartaH= saddened [I was]; samvatsaram= for one year; bila dvaarii sthitaH= at that, cave's entrance, I stayed; atha bilaat samutthitam shoNitam dvaari dR^iSTvaa= then, from cave, started to flow, blood, at entrance, having seen; shoka samvigna hR^idayaH= sadness, engulfed, with a heart; bhR^isham vyaakulita indriyaH= much, perturbed, senses; tadaa tat bila dvaaram= then, that, cave's, entrance; shaila shringeNa apidhaaya= with a hill, top, having covered; tasmaat deshaat apaakramya= from that, place, moving away; punaH kiSkindhaam praavisham= again, Kishkindha, I entered.
"Saddened I was after staying at the entrance of the cave for one year, oh, king, and on seeing the blood that started to flow from out the cave in the entrance my heart is engulfed in sadness and my senses perturbed very much, and then covering that cave's entrance with a hilltop, and departing from that country, I re-entered Kishkindha. [4-10-4, 5, 6a]
viÿ˜d˜t iha m˜m d®ÿ÷v˜ pourai× mantribhir eva ca || 4-10-6
abhiÿikto na k˜mena tanme kÿantum tvam arhasi |
6b, 7a. viSaadaat iha maam dR^iSTvaa= with grief, [on my coming] here, me, on seeing; pouraiH mantribhiH eva ca= citizens, ministers, alike, also; abhishikhtaH= crowned me; na kaamena= not, [at my] desire; tat me kshantum tvam arhasi= therefore, me, to pardon, apt of you.
"On seeing me returning with grief, the citizens and ministers alike crowned me, but that is not at my desire, therefore it is apt of you pardon me. [4-10-6b, 7a]
tvam eva r˜j˜ m˜n˜rha× sad˜ ca aham yath˜ pur˜ || 4-10-7
r˜jabh˜ve niyoga× ayam mama tvat virah˜t k®ta× |
sa am˜tya paura nagaram sthitam nihata kaõ÷akam || 4-10-8
7b, 8. maanaarhaH raajaa tvam eva= estimable, king, you, alone; aham ca puraa yathaa= I will be, as earlier, as I was; mama ayam raja bhaave niyogaH tvat virahaat kR^itaH= my, this, in kingship, establishment, with your, unavailability, it is done; sa amaatya paura nagaram= with, ministers, citizens, capital; nihata kantakam= eliminated, thorniness; sthitam= is there.
"As an estimable one you alone are the king, and I will be as I was, and establishing me in kingship is owing to your unavailability, but the capital with citizens and ministers is kept up without thorniness. [4-10-7b, 8]
ny˜sa bh¨tam idam r˜jyam tava niry˜tay˜mi aham |
m˜ ca roÿam k®th˜× saumya mama þatru niÿ¨dana|| 4-10-9
9. nyaasa bhuutam= custodial, one[kingdom]; idam raajyam= this, kingdom; tava= to you; niryaatayaami= returning; aham= I am; shatru niSuudana= oh enemies, eliminator; saumya= oh, gentle one; mama= in my respect; roSam= anger / hostility; maa kR^ithaaH= do not, you make.
"Oh, gentle one, I am now returning this custodial kingdom to you, oh, enemy eliminator, you need not be hostile towards me. [4-10-9]
y˜ce tv˜m þiras˜ r˜jan may˜ baddho ayam añjali× |
bal˜t asmin sam˜gamya mantribhi× pura v˜sibhi× || 4-10-10
r˜jabh˜ve niyukto aham þ¨nya deþa jigŸÿay˜ |
10, 11a. raajan= oh king; shirasaa tvaam yaace= with head bowed, you, I beg; mayaa ayam anjaliH baddhaH= by me, this, [prayerful] palm-fold, is made; mantribhiH pura vaasibhiH= by the ministers, capital, dwellers; samaagamya= coming together; shuunya desha jigiishayaa= empty [kingless,] kingdom, to have control on; aham= I was; asmin= to this [kingship]; rajabhaave= in kingship; balaat= forcibly; niyuktaH= nominated.
"I beg you with my bowed head and with my prayerful palm-fold, the ministers and the city dwellers have collectively and forcibly nominated me to the kingship, only to keep the kingless kingdom under control. [4-10-10, 11a]
snigdham evam bruv˜õam m˜m sa vinirbhartsya v˜nara× || 4-10-11
dhik tv˜m iti ca m˜m uktv˜ bahu tat tat uv˜ca ha |
11b, 12a. saH vaanaraH= he, that monkey; evam snigdham bruvaaNam= this way, politely, while I was saying; maam nirbhartsya= me, on threatening; dhik= fie; tvaam= upon you; iti ca= thus, also; maam uktvaa= to me said; tat tat= that, that, [expletives]; bahu= many; uvaaca ha= he said, indeed.
"While I was speaking that politely he threatened me and indeed used many expletives starting from 'fie, fie, upon you.' and the like. [4-10-11b, 12a]
prak®tŸ× ca sam˜nŸya mantriõa× caiva sammat˜n || 4-10-12
m˜m ˜ha suh®d˜m madhye v˜kyam parama garhitam |
12b, 13a. prakR^itiiH ca= people, also; sammataan= venerable ones; mantriNaH caiva= ministers, also, thus; samaaniiya= on summoning; suhR^idaam madhye= friends, amongst; maam= to me; parama garhitam vaakyam= very, abusive, words; aaha= he said / hurled.
"And summoning people and venerable ministers he hurled very abusive words at me among friends. [4-10-12b, 13a]
viditam vo may˜ r˜trau m˜y˜vŸ sa mah˜asura× || 4-10-13
m˜m sam˜hvayata kruddho yuddha k˜ðkÿŸ tad˜ pur˜ |
13b, 14a. puraa mahaaasuraH maayaavii= earlier, the gigantic, Maayaavi; kruddhaH= rancorous; yuddha kaankshii= duel, desiring one; tadaa raatrau= in that, night; maam= me; samaahvayata= invited; vaH= that; viditam= you are aware of.
"You all are aware that earlier the gigantic and rancorous demon Maayaavi invited me desiring a duel in that night. [4-10-13b, 14a]
tasya tad bh˜ÿitam þrutv˜ ni×s®ta× aham n®p˜alay˜t || 4-10-14
anuy˜ta× ca m˜m t¨rõam ayam bhr˜t˜ sud˜ruõa× |
14b, 15a. tasya tat= his, that; bhaaSitam= saying [calling for duel]; shrutvaa= on hearing; niHsR^itaH= went out; aham= I am; nR^ipa aalayaat= from royal, palace su daaruNaH= very, hazardous one; ayam bhraataa= this, brother; anuyaataH ca= followed, also; tuurNam= quickly; maam= me.
"On hearing his call for a duel I went out of the royal palace, and this very hazardous brother of mine quickly followed me. [4-10-14b, 15a]
sa tu d®ÿ÷v˜ eva m˜m r˜trau sa dvitŸyam mah˜bala× || 4-10-15
pr˜dravat bhaya santrasto vŸkÿya ˜v˜m samup˜gatau |
abhidruta× tu vegena viveþa sa mah˜bilam || 4-10-16
15b, 16. mahaabalaH= formidable one; saH= that demon; raatrau sa dvitiiyam maam dR^iSTvaa eva= in night, with, a second one, me, on seeing, just by; pra adravat= he ran away; samupaagatau aavaam viikshya= those that reached nearly, at us, on seeing; bhaya samtrastaH= fear, fraught by; vegena abhidrutaH= speedily, he ran; saH= he; mahaabilam= great, cavity; vivesha= entered.
"And that formidable demon Maayaavi ran away as he was fraught with fear on seeing me with a second one at my side, and he speedily entered a great cavity of earth on seeing us two nearly reaching him. [4-10-15b, 16]
tam praviÿ÷am viditv˜ tu sughoram sumahad bilam |
ayam ukto atha me bhr˜t˜ may˜ tu kr¨ra darþana× || 4-10-17
17. tam= him; praviSTam= entered into; viditvaa tu= on knowing; su ghoram= great, precarious; sumahat bilam= great cavity; atha= then; kruura darshanaH= cruel to look; ayam me bhraataa= this, brother, of mine; mayaa uktaH by me, said.
"On knowing the demon's entry into that great precarious cavity, I said to this one, this cruel looking brother of mine. [4-10-17]
ahatv˜ na asti me þakti× prati gantum ita× purŸm |
bila dv˜ri pratŸkÿa tvam y˜vat enam nihanmi aham || 4-10-18
18. a hatvaa= without, killing; itaH= from here; puriim= to capital; prati gantum= return to go; me= to me; shaktiH= power; na asti= not, there; aham= I am; enam=him, the demon; yaavat= till; nihanmi= I kill; tvam= you; bila dvaari= at cavity's, entrance; pratiiksha= wait.
"My power will not let me return from here to the capital without killing that demon, hence you wait at this cavity's entrance, till I kill that demon and come out of the cavity. [4-10-18]
sthito'yam iti matv˜ aham praviÿ÷a× tu dur˜sadam |
tam me m˜rgayata× tatra gata× saÕvatsara× tad˜ || 4-10-19
19. sthitaH= stayed; ayam iti= he thus; matvaa aham= believing, I have; pravishtaH tu= entered, thus; duraasadam= impenetrable cave; tadaa= then; tatra= there; tam= him, that demon; maargamaanasya= while searching; me= for me; gataH= elapsed; samvatsaraH= one year.
"Believing that he stayed at the entrance of the cavity I entered that impenetrable cavity, and then in searching for that demon there one year elapsed. [4-10-19]
sa tu d®ÿ÷o may˜ þatru× anirved˜t bhay˜avaha× |
nihata× ca may˜ sadya× sa× sarvai× saha bandhubhi× || 4-10-20
20. bhayaaavahaH= terrified one; saH shatruH= he that, enemy; mayaa= by me; a+nirvedaat= without, worry - effortlessly; dR^iSTaH= is seen; saH sarvaiH bandhubhiH saha= he, all of his, relatives, along with; mayaa= by me; sadyaH nihataH= immediately, killed.
"I have seen that terrified enemy of mine effortlessly, and I killed him immediately along with all of his relatives. [4-10-20]
tasya ˜sy˜t tu prav®ttena rudhiraugheõa tad bilam |
p¨rõam ˜sŸt dur˜kr˜mam svanata× tasya bh¨tale || 4-10-21
21. bhuutale= on ground; svanataH= [fallen] yelling; tasya aasyaat tu= from his, mouth, but; pravR^ittena, rudhira aughena= emanating, by blood, gushes of; tat bilam puurNam= that, cavity, is filled up; dur aakraamam aasiit= impossible, to tread, it has become.
"That cavity has become impassable, since it is fully filled with the gushes of blood emanating from the mouth of that demon who fell yelling onto ground. [4-10-21]
s¨dayitv˜ tu tam þatrum vikr˜ntam tam aham sukham |
niÿkr˜mam na eva paþy˜mi bilasya pihitam mukham || 4-10-22
22. aham= I; tam shatrum vikraantam= that, enemy, who was invading; sukham= easily; suudayitvaa= having killed; nishkraamam= exit; na eva= not, thus; pashyaami= saw; bilasya pihitam mukham= cavity's, closed, face.
"On my killing that invading enemy easily, I could not see any exit from that cavity as its mouth was closed. [4-10-22]
vikroþam˜nasya tu me sugrŸva iti puna× puna× |
yata× prativaco n˜sti tata× aham bh®þa du×khita× || 4-10-23
23. sugriiva iti= oh Sugreeva, thus; punaH punaH= again and again; vi kroshamaanasya= while I loudly shouted; me= to me; yataH= what for; prativacaH= reply; na asti= not, there; tataH= by that; aham= I am; bhr^isha duhkhitaH= very, saddened.
"Wherefore I did not get a reply though I repeatedly shouted, 'Sugreeva, oh, Sugreeva.' thereby I was very saddened. [4-10-23]
p˜da prah˜rai× tu may˜ bahubhi× parip˜titam |
tata× aham tena niÿkramya path˜ puram up˜gata× || 4-10-24
24. mayaa= by me; bahubhiH= with many; paada prahaaraiH= with foot, poundings; paripaatitam= [lidded hilltop] is smashed; tataH= then; aham= I have; tena pathaa= by that, way; nishkramya= exited; punaH upaagataH= again, arrived here.
"With my foot I pounded and smashed that lidded hilltop, and from there I exited that way and arrived here. [4-10-24]
tatra anena asmi samruddha× r˜jyam m®gayata ˜tmana× |
sugrŸveõa n®þaÕsena vism®tya bhr˜t® sauh®dam || 4-10-25
25. aatmanaH= for himself; raajyam= kingdom; mR^igayata= fantasizing; nR^ishamsena anena= by cruel one, by this one; vismR^itya bhraatR^i sauhR^idam= forgetting, brotherly, good heartedness - clannishness; [aham= I was]; tatra= there; samruddhaH= trammelled; sugriiveNa= by Sugreeva; asmi= I was.
"As such this cruel fantasist of kingdom trammelled me in there forgetting the clannishness." So said Vali to all the courtiers. [4-10-25]
evam uktv˜ tu m˜m tatra vastreõa ekena v˜nara× |
tad˜ nirv˜say˜m˜sa v˜lŸ vigata s˜dhvasa× || 4-10-26
26. vaanaraH= that monkey; vaalii= Vali; tatra= in there, in court; maam= to me; evam uktvaa= thus, saying; vigata saadhvasaH= gone [leaving off,] ruth; tadaa= then; vastreNa ekena= clothing, one only; nirvaasayaamaasa= started to render me homeless – banished me.
"On saying thus that monkey ruthlessly banished me, then and there in the court itself, who am with a single clothing on my body. [4-10-26]
tena aham apaviddha× ca h®ta d˜ra× ca r˜ghava |
tat bhay˜t ca mahŸm sarv˜n kr˜ntav˜n sa vana arõav˜m || 4-10-27
27. Raaghava; tena aham= by him, I am; apaviddhaH ca= thrown away, also; hR^ita daaraH ca= stolen, wife, also; tat bhayaat ca= by his, fear, alone; sa vana arNavaa= withal, forests, oceans sarvaan= all over the; mahiim= earth; kraantaavaan= I have roamed.
"Thus he threw me away and even stole my wife, oh, Rama, and owing to his fear alone I roamed all over the earth with its forests and oceans. [4-10-27]
®þyam¨kam giri varam bh˜ry˜ haraõa du×khita× |
praviÿ÷o asmi dur˜dharÿam v˜lina× k˜raõ˜ntare || 4-10-28
28. bhaaryaa haraNa duHkhitaH= wife, by stealing, I who am saddened; kaaraNa antare= by another reason; vaalinaH duraadharSham= by Vali, impenetrable one; giri varam= mountain, safest; Rishyamuukam= Mt. Rishyamuka; praviSTaH asmi= entered, I have;
"I who am saddened by stealing my wife have entered this safest mountain Rishyamuka, which is impenetrable for Vali by another reason. [4-10-28]
etat te sarvam ˜khy˜tam vaira anukathanam mahat |
an˜gas˜ may˜ pr˜ptam vyasanam paþya r˜ghava || 4-10-29
29. Raaghava; etat mahat vaira anukathanam= all this, notable, enmity, account of; sarvam te aakhyaatam= all to you, is reported; pashya= you may see - examine; anaagasaa= without fault; mayaa praaptam= by me, attained; vyasanam= dire straits.
"All this notable account of enmity is reported to you, oh, Raghava, and you may examine the dire straits befallen on me at no fault of mine. [4-10-29]
v˜lina× ca bhay˜t tasya sarvaloka bhay˜paha |
kartum arhasi me vŸra pras˜dam tasya nigrah˜t || 4-10-30
30. sarva loka bhayaa apahaa= to all, worlds, fear, remover – oh, Rama; vaalinaH ca= of Vali, only; tasya bhayaat= from that, fear; me= to me; prasaadam= invulnerability; viira= oh, valiant one; tasya nigrahaat= him, rein [him] in; kartum arhasi= to bestow, apt of you.
"Oh, Rama, the fear-remover of all the worlds, it is apt of you to bestow me invulnerability from the fear of Vali, and oh, valiant one, as well as to rein him in." Sugreeva requested Rama thus. [4-10-30]
evam ukta× sa tejasvŸ dharmajño dharma saÕhitam |
vacanam vaktum ˜rebhe sugrŸvam prahasan iva || 4-10-31
31. evam uktaH= thus, one who is said - Rama; tejasvii= resplendent one; dharmaj~naH= virtuous one; saH= he, that Rama; prahasan iva= laughing off, as though; dharma samhitam vacanam= in virtue, abiding, sentence; sugriivam= to Sugreeva; vaktum= to speak; aarebhe= started.
When he is requested thus by Sugreeva, that virtuous and resplendent Rama started to tell Sugreeva, the words that abide by virtue, as though trivializing the task on hand. [4-10-31]
amogh˜× s¨rya saðk˜þ˜ niþit˜ me þar˜ ime |
tasmin v˜lini durv®tte patiÿyanti ruÿa anvit˜× || 4-10-32
32. amoghaaH= admirable; suurya samkaashaa= sun-like; rusha anvitaaH= [my] wrath, mingled with; nishitaaH= sharp; mama= my; ete= these; sharaaH= arrows; durvR^itte= evil minded one; tasmin vaalini= on that, Vali; patiSyanti= will fall.
"Admirable and sun-like burners are these arrows of mine that are now mingled with my wrath, and they are bound fall on that evil minded Vali. [4-10-32]
y˜vat tam na hi paþyeyam tava bh˜rya apah˜riõam |
t˜vat sa jŸvet p˜p˜tm˜ v˜lŸ c˜ritra d¨ÿaka× || 4-10-33
33. tava= your; bhaarya apahaarinam= wife, stealer; tam= him; yaavat= till which time; na pashyeyam= not, I see; taavat= only till then; paapaatmaa caaritra duushakaH= evil minded, history, abuser; saH vaalii jiivet= he, that, Vali, will live.
"He that stealer of your wife, that evil-minded abuser of history lives as long as I descry. [4-10-33]
˜tma anum˜n˜t paþy˜mi magna× tv˜m þoka s˜gare |
tv˜m aham t˜rayiÿy˜mi b˜ýham pr˜psyasi puÿkalam || 4-10-34
34. tvaam shoka saagare magnam= you; in sadness, sea of, deluged; aatma anumaanaat= by self, inference –by my own experience; pashyaami= I see; tvaam aham taarayishyaami= you, I will, make you to get across; baaDham= definitely; praapsyasi= you will regain; pushkalam= abundantly.
"By my experience I see how you are deluged in a sea of sadness, but I will make you to get over that sea, and you will definitely regain abundantly whatever you lost." Rama assured Sugreeva thus. [4-10-34]
tasya tat vacanam þrutv˜ harÿa pauruÿa vardhanam |
sugrŸva× parama prŸta× su mahat v˜kyam abravŸt || 4-10-35
35. tasya harSa pauruSa vardhanam= happiness, self-esteem, enhancing; tat vacanam shrutvaa= his, that, sentence, having heard; Sugreeva; parama priitaH= verily, gladdened; su mahat vaakyam abraviit= very, great, sentence, [further] said.
Hearing that sentence of Rama, which is enhancing happiness and self-esteem, Sugreeva is very gladdened and further said this great sentence. [4-10-35]
iti v˜lmŸki r˜m˜yaõe ˜di k˜vye kiÿkindha k˜õýe daþama× sarga×
Thus, this is the 10th chapter in Kishkindha Kanda of Valmiki Ramayana, the First Epic poem of India.
©2000, Desiraju Hanumanta Rao, [Revised : March, '04]