Book III : Aranya Kanda - The Forest Trek
Ravana vaingloriously extols himself and tempts Seetha with all impossible comforts and luxuries, if she obliges him and comes to Lanka with him, leaving Rama. She curtly dismisses all his baiting and luring. |
evam bruvatyaam siitaayaam sa.mrabdhaH paruSa akSaram |
lalaaTe bhrukuTiim kR^itvaa raavaNaH prati uvaaca ha || 3-48-1
1. siitaayaam evam bruvatyaam = to such Seetha, thus, she who is speaking; raavaNaH samrabdhaH= Ravana, embittered; lalaaTe bhru kuTiim kR^itvaa= on forehead, eyebrow, folding, on making; paruSa akSaram prati uvaaca ha = rude, words, in reply, spoke, indeed.
When Seetha spoke thus Ravana is embittered, and knitting his eyebrows he indeed spoke these rudish words to Seetha. [3-48-1]
bhraataa vaishravaNasya aham saapatno varavar.hNini |
raavaNo naama bhadram te dashagriivaH prataapavaan || 3-48-2
2. vara varNini = oh, lady of superb, complexion; aham vaishravaNasya saapatnaH bhraataa = I am, of Vaishravana [Kubera's,] from stepmother, brother - stepbrother; dasha griivaH= one who is - ten, faced; prataapavaan= one who is - highly valorous one; raavaNaH naama= Ravana, known as; te bhadram = to you, let there be safety.
"I am known as Ravana, oh, lady with superb complexion, let safety betide you, the highly valorous and ten-headed stepbrother of Kubera. [3-48-2]
yasya devaaH sa ga.ndharvaaH pishaaca pataga uragaaH |
vidravanti bhayaat bhiitaa mR^ityoH iva sadaa prajaaH || 3-48-3
3. prajaaH= people; mR^ityoH iva= by death, as with; yasya bhayaat bhiitaa = from whose, fear, frightened - at whose very sight; sa gandharvaaH= along with, gandharva-s; devaaH pishaaca pataga uragaaH= gods, together evil-spirits, birds, snakes; sadaa vi dravanti= always, verily, running away; I am that Ravana.
"I am that Ravana at whose sight all the gods together with gandharva-s, evil-spirits, birds and snakes will always be frightened and fleeing, as with the people frightened and fleeing from death. [3-48-3]
yena vaishravaNo bhraataa vaimaatraH kaaraNaa.ntare |
dvandvam aasaaditaH krodhaat raNe vikramya nirjitaH || 3-48-4
4. yena= by whom; kaaraNa antare= for reason, another; krodhaat= infuriately; dvandvam aasaaditaH= duel, one who obtained - Kubera; vaimaatraH bhraataa= one from stepparent, brother; vaishravaNaH = Vaishravana [Kubera,]; raNe vikramya ni rjitaH= in combat, setting upon, completely trounced.
"I am that Ravana who when infuriated for some other reason took up a duel with Kubera, his brother from stepparent, wherein that Kubera is set up against and completely trounced in a combat. [3-48-4]
mat bhaya aartaH parityajya svam adhiSThaanam R^iddhimat |
kailaasam parvata shreSTham adhyaaste nara vaahanaH || 3-48-5
5. nara vaahanaH= one who has - humans, as vehicular transport - Kubera; yat bhaya aartaH= by whom, fearfully, [Kubera is] tormented; R^iddhimat= wealthiest [place]; svam adhiSThaanam = his own [Kubera's place] presided over place; pari tyajya completely, abandoning; parvata shreSTham kailaasam adhyaaste= mountain, excellent, on Kailash, living.
"I am that Ravana by whom Kubera, the god for Wealth-Management whose vehicular transport is handled by humans, is tormented fearfully and made to completely abandon his wealthiest place which is presided over by him till then, and I am the one who made that Kubera to flee to the excellent Mt. Kailash where he is somehow living, because I will not cause any harm on Mt. Kailash as I hold it sacred. [3-48-5]
yasya tat puSpakam naama vimaanam kaamagam shubham |
viiryaad aavarjitam bhadre yena yaami vihaayasam || 3-48-6
6. bhadre= oh, auspicious lady; yasya= whose [Kubera's]; tat puSpakam naama= that, Pushpaka, known as; kaama gam= by wish, piloted; shubham= an auspicious [aircraft]; vimaanam= aircraft; viiryaat= by valour; aavarjitam= acquired; yena vihaayasam yaami = by which, in sky, I travel.
"I am that Ravana, oh, auspicious lady, who just by his valour acquired Kubera's auspicious aircraft known as Pushpaka, whose pilotage is just by the wish of its aviator, with which I will be travelling in skies. [3-48-6]
mama sa.njaata roSasya mukham dR^iSTvaa eva maithili |
vidravanti paritrastaaH suraaH shakra purogamaaH || 3-48-7
7. maithil= oh, Maithili; sanjaata roSasya= shot up, with rancour; mama mukham= my, face; dR^iSTvaa eva= seeing, just by; pari trastaaH= highly, frightened; shakra purogamaaH suraaH = with Indra, at their fore - as leader, [all] gods; vi dravanti= quickly, running away.
"Just by seeing rancour-shot face of mine, oh, Maithili, all the gods will quickly shoot off, even if Indra is leading them, then where is the question of their confronting me. [3-48-7]
yatra tiSThaami aham tatra maaruto vaati shankitaH |
tiivra a.mshuH shishira a.mshuH ca bhayaat sa.mpadyate raviH || 3-48-8
8. aham yatra tiSThaami = I am, where, staying; tatra= there; maarutaH shankitaH vaati = Air-god, doubtfully, wafts; tiivra amshuH raviH ca= one with singeing, sunbeams, Sun, also; bhayaat= by fear; shishira amshuH sampadyate = cooling, moonbeams, he obtains [effectuates].
"Where I will be staying there the Air-god wafts doubtfully, lest his gusts and blasts may hurt me, and the Sun also effectuates his singeing sunbeams as cooling moonbeams, lest I may abduct his wife Prabha, the Sunshine. [3-48-8]
niSka.mpa patraaH taravo nadyaH ca stimita udakaaH |
bhavanti yatra tatra aham tiSThaami ca caraami ca || 3-48-9
9. aham yatra tatra tiSThaami= I, where, and where, am staying; ca caraami ca= freely, moving, also; there; taravaH= trees - will become; niS kampa patraaH = without, rustle, of leaves; nadyaH ca= rivers, also; stimita udakaaH= with quiet, waters; bhavanti= they become [they quieten.]
"At places where I will be staying or freely moving there the leaves of trees will be less of rustle, lest I may wilt them up, and there the gush of water of rivers too will quieten, lest I may dry them up. [3-48-9]
mama paare samudrasya la.nkaa naama purii shubhaa |
sa.mpuurNaa raakSasaiH ghoraiH yathaa indrasya amaraavatii || 3-48-10
10. ghoraiH raakSasaiH sampuurNaa= with ghastly, demons, plethoric; lankaa naama= Lanka, known as; shubhaa= magnificent one; indrasya amaraavatii yathaa = Indra's, Amaravati, on par with; mama purii= my, city; samudrasya paare = of ocean, on other shore is there.
"My magnificent city known as Lanka is there on the other shore of the ocean, plethoric with all kinds of amenities, as well as with ghastly demons, which city will be on par with Indra's Amaravati, but for meekly gods and meaningless souls. [3-48-10]
praakaareNa parikSiptaa paaNDureNa viraajitaa |
hema kakSyaa purii ramyaa vaiduuryamaya toraNaa || 3-48-11
11. ramyaa purii= that gorgeous, city; paaNDureNa viraajitaa praakaareNa pari kSiptaa= with whitish [silver wall,] adorned, with compound walls, completely, covered; hema kakSyaa = with golden, chambers; vaiduurya maya toraNaa= full of lapis jewelled, with archways.
"That gorgeous city is completely walled in with compound walls that are adorned with whitish silver, and its palace-chambers are golden, and its archways are fully jewelled with lapis jewels. [3-48-11]
hasti ashva ratha sa.mbhaadhaa tuurya naada vinaaditaa |
sarva kaama phalaiH vR^ikSaiH sa.nkula udyaana bhuuSitaa || 3-48-12
12. hasti ashva ratha sambhaadhaa= elephants, horses, chariots, trodden are its streets [encumbered]; tuurya naada vinaaditaa= with trumpet's, sounds, verily sounded; sarva kaama phalaiH vR^ikSaiH= all, cherishes [savours,] with fruits, with trees; sankula udyaana bhuuSitaa= chirruping, pleasure-garden, bedecked with.
"It is encumbered with elephants, horses and chariots, well sounded by the sounds of trumpets, and with trees which yield fruits that fulfil all the savours, and it is bedecked with chirrupy pleasure-gardens. [3-48-12]
tatra tvam vasa he siite raajaputri mayaa saha |
na smariSyasi naariiNaam maanuSiiNaam manasvini || 3-48-13
13. raaja putri= oh, king's, daughter - princess; manasvini= oh, self-respectful lady; hè, siite= Seetha; tatra= there - in Lanka; mayaa saha= me, along with; tvam vasa = you, reside, [or, sojourn, stop over]; maanuSiiNaam naariiNaam na smariSyasi= among females, as one among human [females,] not, you think.
"Oh, princess, oh, self-respectful lady, if you reside there together with me, hè, Seetha, then you will not think of yourself as one from among human females. [3-48-13]
The addressing expression hè, has some significance, as in hè, raam... hè, prabho... hè, bhagavaan... This has a signal of reverence than that the usual 'O' or 'oh,' for they are bland expressions of addressing.
bhu.njaanaa maanuSaan bhogaan divyaan ca varavar.hNini |
na smariSyasi raamasya maanuSasya gata aayuSaH || 3-48-14
14. vara varNini= oh, superb, complexioned one; maanuSaan bhogaan= humanly, luxuries; divyaan [bhogaan ] ca= heavenly, [luxuries,] also; bhunjaanaa = revelling in; maanuSasya gata aayuSaH raamasya = of human, with lessened, longevity, of Rama; na smariSyasi = not, you, recollect.
"Revelling in humanly luxuries, over and beyond in heavenly luxuries also, you will not recollect humanly Rama, whose longevity is lessened. [3-48-14]
Vividly: 'you said that you enjoyed all humanly luxuries when you stayed at your in-law's place in Ayodhya, as at 3-47-4... they are nothing when compared with the luxuries I provide in Lanka... they are a + maanuSaan bhogaan 'super human luxuries...' as well as divyaan 'paradisiacal...' so you choose yourself between this forlorn state and a stately living...' Ravana spoke this as a perfect tempting debauch.
Ravana as devotee of Lakshmi is saying: 'If you come to Lanka with me and tatra vasatii 'while staying there...' another text for the above tatra vasa 'you stay there...' mayaa ' by me, a servant of yours, suchlike me...' ellipt. samarpitaan 'submitted, offered offerings...' maanuSaan ca divyaam ca bhogaan bhunjaanaa 'humanly, and heavenly luxuries, on enjoying...' maanuSiiNaam naariiNaam: dvitiiyena SaSTi 'one among human females...' na smariSyasi 'you do not reminisce...'
'You will not count yourself as a human female, if you come over to Lanka and enjoy the humanly and heavenly luxuries, which I, as a humble servant of yours, will offer...'
If you come there, you will not think of maanuSasya 'incarnate as man, Rama...' gata aayuSasya = gata, aayuSaH = acquired, longevity; 'Rama who acquired a longevity for eleven thousand years... raamasya 'about such a Rama... you will not think about him at all...' ellipt. naH sambandhinaH 'we, the related beings of Rama...' smariSyasi 'you think of...'
'you will stop thinking about humans and other humanly affairs, and you also will not think of Rama alone, but you will think about us, the accursed demons, the dependents and servants of the Supreme Person, Vishnu... and in doing so, your thinking shall lead towards our release from this accursed demon-hood...' Maheshvara Tiirtha.
sthaapayitvaa priyam putram raaj~naa dasharathena yaH |
manda viiryaH suto jyeSThaH tataH prasthaapito vanam || 3-48-15
15. manda viiryaH= less of, bravery [spineless, because that Rama is spineless]; jyeSThaH sutaH = [though] eldest son; yaH= which Rama is - exiled; raaj~naa dasharathena= by king, by Dasharatha; priyam putram sthaapayitvaa = dear, son [Bharata,] on establishing; tataH= therefrom; vanam prasthaapitaH= to forests, put to flight.
"Though Rama is the eldest son, king Dasharatha established his dear son Bharata as king, and because Rama is spineless he is put to flight to forests, and now, what is he and what am I, in matter of sovereignty. [3-48-15]
Ravana as devotee says: raaj~naa 'one that rules from within...' like an antaryaami, 'an inner force... i.e., you as Goddess Lakshmi, raaj~naa 'by King Dasharatha...' as an inner force of Dasharatha, you made Dasharatha to select manda viiryaH, a priyaH, putram, bharatam 'spineless, not, the choicest, son, Bharata...' and sthaapayitvaa 'you made Dasharatha to establish Bharata on throne...' raaj~naa 'by the inner ruler, inner force... by you...' the King Dasharatha is incited to send his jyeSTaH 'eldest son...' also as said in vishNu sahasra naamaavali: jyeSTaH shreSTaH prajaapatiH 'eldest, best, ruler of people... Vishnu, is prasthaapito vanam 'sent away to forests...
’you are Goddess Lakshmi, an inner-ruler in all beings... though Dasharatha was uninterested to select Bharata you made Dasharatha, as his inner force, to select a spineless Bharata, and Bharata is established on the throne by Dasharatha, through you... besides, though Dasharatha was disinterested to send his dear eldest son Rama to forests, you as Dasharatha’s inner force, made Dasharatha to send Rama, the eldest, best, and the only ruler of people, namely Rama, [as said in Vishnu’s Thousand names,] to forests for the elimination of demons, and thereby to release us from our accursed being... hence you, as inner force of everybody, have to come with me, if Rama’s incarnation is to yield its results...’ Maheshvara Tiirtha.
tena kim bhraSTa raajyena raameNa gata cetasaa |
kariSyasi vishaalaakSi taapasena tapasvinaa || 3-48-16
16. vishaala akSi= oh, broad-eyed one; bhraSTa raajyena= subverted, from kingdom; gata cetasaa= gone is, his anima [or, dwindled is, his valour]; taapasena= simmered down [pitiable]; tapasvinaa= with an ascetic; tena raameNa kim kariSyasi= with him [with such a] Rama, what, you aspire to do.
"Rama is subverted from kingdom, thus dwindled is valour, thus winded down is his anima, thus he has become a pitiable one, thus he became an ascetic as nothing else is there for him to undertake, oh, broad-eyed lady, what do you aspire to do with such a Rama? [3-48-16]
When a tempter can convincingly prove that a woman's husband is 'unfit' then only he can succeed in his overtures. His theorematic reasoning is to let down Rama from Seetha's viewpoint, as she has broad-eyes, and she is supposed to see reality: 'Rama is rendered to nothing as said in an age-old saying bhagnaa kR^iSe bhaagavataa bhavanti 'when manly pursuits fail, he turns out as a sanctimonious person... sanyaasi, bairaag, a friar...' Hence, living with him here will cause only eye-soar in looking at these murky forests, to your wide-eyes... thus, come with me...'
Ravana as devotee says: bhaSTa raajyena; bhraSTam ariiNaam raajyam, yena tena 'subverted, enemies', kingdoms, by whom, by him...' 'he who has subverted all the kingdoms of enemies, with such a Rama...' gata cetasaa 'devoid of inner soul...' He by himself is the Cosmic Soul and no duality of souls occurs in the Absolute Soul. Because He has no duality, there will be no duality in his acts na tasya kaaryam, kaaraNam na vidyate... shruti. Then He is taapasena tapasvinaam: taapasa ina tapasvinaam 'for ascetics, lord, also an acetic...' because He is lord of all ascetics he must also be one with them...' saha raameNa tvam 'with, Rama, you...' ellipt. ayam vij~naapanam 'this supplication...' kariSyasi kim 'will you make over, isn't it?
'He who has snubbed down all enemy kingdoms, where enemies are not earthly enemies, and as he has no duality in his deeds, won't you make over this request of mine, in welcoming you to Lanka, to him...' Tiirtha.
sarva raakSasa bhartaaram kaamaya - kaamaat - svayam aagatam |
na manmatha shara aaviSTam prati aakhyaatum tvam ar.hhasi || 3-48-17
17. [kaamaat] kaamaya= in love, [you love me]; svayam aagatam= personally, came [to you]; manmatha shara aaviSTam= Love-god's, arrow, hit by; sarva raakSasa bhartaaram= all, demon's, king; such as I am, me; tvam= you; prati [iva]= towards [this way]; aakhyaatum= to speak - or, pratikhyaatum= to reject; na arhasi = not, apt of you.
"I, the king of all the demons, am hit by the arrows of Love-god and came to you in love, and instead of beseeching me to love you, your rejection and speaking this way, is unapt of you.
Or
"Although I am the king of all the demons, on seeing you I am hit by the arrows of Love-god and came to you, thus you love me... but rejecting me this way is unapt of you, as you alone will be loosing heavenly comforts, if you reject me. [3-48-17]
Ravana, the devotee is saying: 'I maybe the king of all the demons, but kaamaat 'longingly, devotedly, zealously...' iha aagatam 'to here, he who came...' manmadha shara aaviSTam prati here the last word prati 'towards' is to be taken as iva 'like, as though, deem...' then 'deeming me as though I am hit by the arrows of Love-god and talking nonsense...' svayam 'you personally... in your right mind' aakhyaatum na arhasi 'to say so, is inapt of you...'
"I may be a king of all the demons in universes, but I am a zealotry devotee of yours... but deeming me to be one who is hit by the arrows of Love-god and thus speaking nonsense... this way of your thinking of me and speaking to me, is unapt of you in the right your mind...' Maheshvara Tiirtha.
prati aakhyaaya hi maam bhiiru paritaapam gamiSyasi |
caraNena abhihatya iva puruuravasam uurvashii || 3-48-18
18. bhiiru= oh, modest lady; maam= me; prati aakhyaaya= against, by saying [refusing]; puruuravasam= Puruurava is; caraNena abhihatya= with feet, on kicking; uurvashii iva= Uurvashi, as with; paritaapam gamiSyasi= remorse, you enter - you become remorseful.
"Oh, modest lady, on refusing me you surely become remorseful like Uurvashi who once kicked Puruurava with her feet. [3-48-18]
Uurvashi is one among the four celestial chief maidens, apsara-s, namely, Uurvashi, Rambha, Menaka and Tiolottama. When Vishnu was in His meditation all the other apsara-s came to Him to disturb His meditation. Knowing that, Vishnu gave birth to this Uurvashi from his things. Thus, she is called the one who came from thighs uuruH 'from thighs...' and this word is defined as uru vaSTi 'muchly, splendorous one...' Then the other apsara-s had to accept ashamedly that Uurvashi is a beauty of higher order. Kalidasa took this as his subject for his drama 'Vikramorvashiiyam.'
a.ngulyaa na samo raamo mama yuddhe sa maanuSaH |
tava bhaagyen sa.mpraaptam bhajasva varavar.hNini || 3-48-19
19. varavarNini= oh, richly, colourful lady; maanuSaH saH raamaH= [mere] human, he, that Rama; yuddhe= in war; mama angulyaa samaH na = my, finger, equal to, not - he is not; tava bhaagyen sampraaptam [maam] bhajasva= by your, serendipity [good fortune,] chanced, [me] you honour.
"He that Rama is merely a human, and in war he equals me not by my finger, oh, richly colourful lady, and I chanced here merely by your serendipity, thus you honour me and my desire to possess you..." Thus Ravana spoke to Seetha. [3-48-19]
'Serendipity' is the faculty of making happy and unexpected discoveries by accident... coined by Horace Walpole [1754] after The Three Princes of Serendip [now Sri Lanka,] a fairy tale. Now as a Lankan, let Ravana also say so.
Ravana, the devotee is saying: yuddhe 'in war...' yasya angulyaaH samaH ko api na asti 'whose, finger, equalling, whoever, even, not, there...' yaH saH raamaH ' who, he, is Rama... or, Vishnu Himself...' maanuSaH 'humanly incarnate...' tam 'him, such a Rama...' mama bhaagyena 'by my, fortune...' sampraaptam 'presently' let that Rama arrive [in Lanka...]' bhajasva 'him, that Rama, you hold him in honour...'
"In battlefield none can match that Rama even by his little finger, for He is none other than Vishnu, and such a Vishnu chanced here in the human incarnation as Rama, and let fortune betide me and let that Rama arrive in my Lanka, and you be instrumental to his arrival, then you may hold that Rama in high honour... for all this to happen first you come with me..." Maheshvara Tiirtha.
evam uktaa tu vaidehii kruddhaa sa.mrakta locanaa |
abraviit paruSam vaakyam rahite raakSasa adhipam || 3-48-20
20. evam uktaa vaidehii tu = thus, spoken to, Vaidehi, on her part; kruddhaa samrakta locanaa= infuriated, with bloodshot, eyes; rahite= without [anyone, in lonely place]; raakSasa adhipam= to demon's, king paruSam vaakyam abraviit = bitter, words, she spoke.
Vaidehi who is spoken thus is infuriated on her part and with her eyes bloodshot spoke these bitter words to the king of demons in that lonely lace. [3-48-20]
The lonely place is an advantageous place for such tempters. But if the tempted is self-controlled, nothing adverse can happen. raagam viviktaa iti vardhayanti 'inclination increases in isolation...' But Seetha is disinclined to any such advances or lures or temptations. Some discussion is there in endnote.
katham vaishravaNam devam sarva deva namaskR^itam |
bhraataram vyapadishya tvam ashubham kartum icChasi || 3-48-21
21. sarva deva namaskR^itam= by all, gods, reverenced; devam vaishravaNam = god, Vaishravana [Kubera]; bhraataram vyapadishya= brother, by making known - telling his name; tvam= you; a+shubham kartum katham icChasi= un, holy [sinful acts,] to commit, how, you wish to.
"How you wish to commit sins although saying that Kubera, a god reverenced by all of the gods, is your brother? [3-48-21]
avashyam vinashiSyanti sarve raavaNa raakSasaaH |
yeSaam tvam karkasho raajaa dur.hbuddhiH ajita indriyaH || 3-48-22
22. raavaNa= oh, Ravana; karkashaH= cruel one; dur buddhiH= bad, minded [culpable]; a + jita indriyaH= with not, controlled, senses; such as you are; tvam= you; yeSaam raajaa= to whom, you are a king; such of those; sarve raakSasaaH= all of those, demons; avashyam vi nashiSyanti = perforce, completely get destroyed.
"All the demons will perforce get completely destroyed, oh, Ravana, for whom you the cruel and culpable one with uncontrolled senses is the king, and you will be blameworthy for the elimination of righteous demons like Vibheeshana, et al. [3-48-22]
apahR^itya shaciim bhaaryaam shakyam indrasya jiivitum |
na hi raamasya bhaaryaam maam apaniiya asti jiivitam || 3-48-23
23. indrasya bhaaryaam shaciim apahR^itya =Indra's, wife, Shaci, on abducting; jiivitum shakyam = to live on, it possible to; raamasya bhaaryaam maam = Rama's, wife, me; apa niiya= leading away - on abducting; jiivitam= liveability na asti hi= not, is there, indeed.
"It may be possible to live after abducting Shaci Devi, the wife of Indra, somehow and anyhow there will be no liveability after abducting me, the wife of Rama. [3-48-23]
jiivet ciram vajra dharasya hastaat
shaciim pradhR^iSya apratiruupa ruupaam |
na maa dR^ishiim raakSasa dhar.hSayitvaa
piita amR^itasya api tava asti mokSaH || 3-48-24
24. raakSasa= oh, demon; a +prati ruupa ruupaam= not, mirrored, prettiness, prettyish lady; shaciim= Shaci Devi is; vajra dharasya hastaat= Thunderbolt, wielder, from the hand of; pradhR^iSya= on forcibly snatching away; ciram jiivet = for a long time, one may live; maa dR^ishiim= me, similar; dharSayitvaa [duuSayitvaa]= on intimidating, [on abusing]; piita amR^itasya api= though consumed, ambrosia, even if; tava asti mokSaH= to you [your-like,] is there, moksha, [release from the cycle of rebirth]; na= is not there.
"Oh, demon, un-mirrored is the prettiness of prettyish Shaci Devi, and one may live long on forcibly snatching her away from the hands of the wielder of Thunderbolt, Indra, but to him who intimidates or abuses me or women like me, there will be no moksha, release from the cycle of rebirth, even if he has consumed amR^ita ambrosia." Thus Seetha spoke to Ravana. [3-48-24]
Seetha iterated twice about Shaci Devi for reinforcing her argument. She did not say 'on abducting me you will not survive...' but said 'on abducting me, or women like me...' this is to say that any husband devote-wife is not to be subjected to such humiliation. Further, this is for ashliila nivaaraNa artham 'to avoid obscenity from the mouth of this principal character in legend....' Govindaraja. As Seetha is unsure whether Ravana consumed ambrosia or not, but, 'if your-like malicious minded beings, though they have gulped amR^ita 'ambrosia' there is no moksha 'release, deliverance...' from death-birth cycle and that moksha is possible through wise thinking... and, as your soul is full with foulness, that unwise state of yours will never attain moksha...' Rama Tilaka Commentary.
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Who is a pati vrata - husband-devote?
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Seetha is considered as a topmost husband-devotee and there must be some reasons for this. A devote-wife is one who abides by her wedded husband through thick and thin. The reasons for the umpteen number of divorces that are happening all around the globe are incorporated in the following simple verses:
puruÿam sevate na anyam mano v˜k k˜ya karmabhi× |
lobhit˜ api pareõa arthia× s˜ sati loka bh¨ÿaõ˜ ||
dainyena pr˜thit˜ v˜ api balena vidh®t˜ v˜ api |
vastra ˜dyaŸh v˜sit˜ v˜ api na eva anyam bhajate satŸ ||
na anyam k˜mate citte s˜ vijñey˜ pati vrat˜ ||
'She who devotes herself to her own man, but not to any other man, with her heart, word and deed, she alone is the jewel in world... though enticed by others with riches or intimidated with forcefulness, or tempted with richly clothing [and others womanly fancies, but one on discarding them all] attends her own man... she who does not wish other man even in her heart of hearts, she alone is a husband-devote...'
As such, there are no extraordinary talents or traits that make an ideal woman as a husband-devote, except her abidance to the sacredness of marriage as an institution. The domestic quarrelling, bickering, nagging... all these persists in every home, but making a mountain of that anthill, will eventually lead to the collapse of that institution of marriage. No doubt, Seetha is a nagging, quarrelling, and sermonising, tongue-lashing woman but if it comes to her husband, she is undone without him, though he lost his empire, roaming in forests, eating trash etc., and yet she does not depart from her pledge to the institution of marriage.
iti vaalmiiki raamaayaNe aadi kaavye araNya kaaNDe aSTa catvaarimshaH sargaH
Thus, this is the 48th chapter in Aranya Kanda of Valmiki Ramayana, the First Epic poem of India.
© Oct, 2002, Desiraju Hanumanta Rao [Revised : November 04]